Publications

@conference{Pey2012,

title = {Vers une meilleure utilisation des traits fonctionnels en écologie des sols, apports du projet BETSI (Biological and Ecological Traits of Soil Invertebrates)},

author = {Benjamin Pey and Yvan Capowiez and Jérôme Cortet and Thibaud Decaëns and Louis Deharveng and Florence Dubs and Muriel Guernion and Fabien Grumiaux and Johanne Nahmani and Alain Pasquet and Céline Pelosi and Céline Pernin and Jean-François Ponge and Sandrine Salmon and Mickaël Hedde},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

booktitle = {11èmes Journées d’Etude des Sols, colloque AFES: Le sol face aux changements globaux.19-23 mars 2012, Versailles},

abstract = {Introduction la dégradation anthropique représente la première cause de la diminution de la biodiversité au niveau mondial (vitousek et al., 1997). surveiller et contrôler la biodiversité afin de comprendre les patterns d’évolution des communautés en réponses aux changements environnementaux est une étape nécessaire à l’évaluation de l’impact anthropique. parmi les nombreuses méthodes d'appréciation de la biodiversité, les approches basées sur les traits fonctionnels se sont développées durant ces trois dernières décennies (violle et al., 2007). les traits fonctionnels sont des caractéristiques morphologiques, physiologiques ou phénologiques mesurables au niveau de l’organisme, de la cellule jusqu’à l’organisme entier 11èmes journées d’etude des sols, 19‐23 mars 2012, versailles et liées à sa fitness (violle et al., 2007). ils présentent tous les critères de bons bioindicateurs, à savoir : (i) qu’ils n’ont pas de limitation biogéographique, (ii) que la réponse est spécifique au type de changement environnemental (naturel ou anthropique), (iii) que la réponse est spécifique à l’intensité du changement environnemental, (iv) qu’ils dérivent de concepts écologiques théoriques (dolédec et al., 1999) et enfin (v) que les réponses sont multiscalaires dans le sens où elles couvrent un domaine allant de l’individu à des niveaux d’organisation supérieurs (e.g. démographique, communautaire, écosystémique) (violle et al., 2007). parmi les organismes, les invertébrés du sol jouent un rôle majeur dans les pédoécosystèmes. par leur influence sur les processus du sol, ils contribuent à la délivrance des fonctions du sol (e.g. transformation du carbone, régulation des populations biologiques) qui contribuent aux services écosystémiques à l’échelle de l’écosystème (barrios, 2007; kibblewhite et al., 2008). par ailleurs, ils répondent rapidement aux perturbations (cortet et al., 1999). malgré ces constats, l’utilisation des traits fonctionnels chez les invertébrés du sol reste rare.},

note = {ACTN},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@article{Savary2012,

title = {The solubility of CO2 + H2S mixtures in water and 2 M NaCl at 120°C and pressures up to 35 MPa},

author = {Véronique Savary and Gilles Berger and Michel Dubois and Jean-Claude Lacharpagne and Alain Pages and Sylvain Thibeau and Marc Lescanne},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control},

volume = {10},

pages = {123-133},

abstract = {The oil and gas industry produces large quantities of sour gases. in the perspective of the geological storage of acid gases in deep aquifers, the solubility of CO2 + H2S mixtures in pure water and in a 2 m nacl solution was studied under conditions typical of geological storage. phase equilibrium measurements were undertaken at a temperature of 120 â°c and pressures ranging from 1.7 to 35 mpa. homogeneous mixtures of CO2 + H2S with H2S volume fractions of (0, 1/4, 1/3, 1/2, 2/3 and 1) were placed in contact with solution, and solubility was measured by continuous sampling of the solution. the protocol used was validated by comparison of the results obtained on pure gases with literature data. the mutual interaction between the gases in the mixture has a substantial influence on their respective solubilities. equation-of-state models reproduce the decrease of CO2 solubility in the presence of h2s, but underestimate the exclusion of H2S by co2. %z acl %u http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/s1750583612001247 %+ %^},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Savary2012a,

title = {The solubility of CO2 + H2S mixtures in water and 2 M NaCl at 120 °C and pressures up to 35 MPa},

author = {Véronique Savary and Gilles Berger and Michel Dubois and Alain Pages and Sylvain Thibeau and Marc Lescanne},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control},

volume = {10},

pages = {123-133},

abstract = {The oil and gas industry produces large quantities of sour gases. in the perspective of the geological storage of acid gases in deep aquifers, the solubility of co2 + h2s mixtures in pure water and in a 2 m nacl solution was studied under conditions typical of geological storage. phase equilibrium measurements were undertaken at a temperature of 120 °c and pressures ranging from 1.7 to 35 mpa. homogeneous mixtures of co2 + h2s with h2s volume fractions of (0, 1/4, 1/3, 1/2, 2/3 and 1) were placed in contact with solution, and solubility was measured by continuous sampling of the solution. the protocol used was validated by comparison of the results obtained on pure gases with literature data. the mutual interaction between the gases in the mixture has a substantial influence on their respective solubilities. equation-of-state models reproduce the decrease of co2 solubility in the presence of h2s, but underestimate the exclusion of h2s by co2.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@conference{Schwartz2012,

title = {A strategy for the survey of urban garden soils},

author = {Christophe Schwartz and Elodie-Denise Chenot and Jérôme Cortet and Francis Douay and Camille Dumat and Céline Pernin and Bertrand Pourrut},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

booktitle = {European Geosciences Union. 22–27 April 2012, Vienna (Autriche)},

note = {ACTI},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@article{Sterckeman2012,

title = {Les éléments en traces dans les sols agricoles du Nord-Pas de Calais. II. Cartographie des enrichissements dans les horizons de surface},

author = {Thibault Sterckeman and Estelle Villanneau and Hocine Bourennane and Francis Douay and Henri Ciesielski and Dominique King and Denis Baize},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Etude et Gestion des Sols},

volume = {19},

number = {3-4},

pages = {163-178},

abstract = {La région nord - pas de calais est une région très densément peuplée qui a été profondément affectée par des industries lourdes, l’exploitation minière du charbon dans le passé et une agriculture intensive, toujours active. un jeu de données a été constitué en rassemblant des teneurs en éléments en traces mesurées dans le cadre de différentes études menées sur les sols agricoles de la région. des facteurs d’enrichissements (fe) ont été calculés en chaque site pour 18 éléments en traces et 250 solums en utilisant l’aluminium comme élément géochimique de référence et un horizon profond ou le matériau parental supposé non contaminé par les activités humaines. l’analyse variographique a révélé que seulement huit métaux traces (bi, cd, cu, in, pb, sn, tl, zn) sont spatialement corrélés, ce qui a permis d’utiliser la simulation séquentielle gaussienne pour la spatialisation de leurs fe. le cd montre un net enrichissement (fe le plus souvent compris entre 3 et 10, parfois plus) sur la quasi-totalité du territoire régional tandis que le zn et le pb montrent de forts enrichissements localement (fe de 3 à 30) à proximité immédiate d’usines de production de ces métaux (auby, noyelles-godault, mortagne-du-nord) ou de grandes agglomérations (dunkerque, lille, valenciennes, est du bassin minier). le bi, le cu et le sn montrent des enrichissements modérés (de 1,5 à 3) sur la moitié du territoire régional, principalement autour des plus grandes villes et des usines de production de pb et zn. l’indium et le tl présentent des fe de 1 à 1,5 sur l’ensemble du territoire avec des valeurs plus élevées en certaines zones urbanisées ou industrialisées. les cartes de spatialisation des fe, rapprochées de celle de l’occupation du territoire par les activités humaines, montrent les origines principalement industrielle, urbaine et routière des enrichissements en pb et zn, de même que ceux, nettement plus faibles en bi, in et tl. les enrichissements en cu, sn et cd comporteraient quant à eux une origine agricole plus importante que ceux des précédents éléments. certains éléments non spatialement corrélés présentent des fe nettement supérieurs à 1 en moyenne. c’est le cas de hg, mn, mo, sb et se. ces enrichissements ont probablement en partie une origine humaine mais l’impossibilité de modéliser leur distribution spatiale n’a pas permis de les relier aux activités anthropiques. enfin, as, co, cr, ni et v ne semblent pas avoir été apportés dans les sols par les activités humaines, puisqu’ils présentent des fe proches de 1 et, de plus, non reliés à l’occupation du territoire. pour certains éléments, les quantités apportées par les activités humaines et stockées dans l’horizon de surface ont été estimées. les plus importantes sont celles du pb et du zn, de l’ordre de 60 000 t. viennent ensuite le cu, avec environ 15 000 t, le sn (environ 2 000 t) et le cd (environ 1 100 t).},

note = {ACLN},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@conference{Suleiman2012,

title = {Comparing different strategies of vermicomposting; towards a modelling of this process},

author = {Hanine Suleiman and Agnieszka Rorat and Barbara Plytycz and Malgorzata Kacprzak and Franck Vandenbulcke},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

booktitle = {4th International Conference on Advances in Sustainable Sewage Sludge Management. 3-5 December 2012, Szczyrk (Pologne)},

note = {ACTI},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@conference{Villenave2012,

title = {Nematofauna study for soil monitoring: results from the French national “Bioindicators Programme.”},

author = {Cécile Villenave and Guénola Pérès and A Alaphilippe and Thierry Béguiristain and Bruno Bispo and Jérôme Cortet and Francis Douay and Olivier Faure and Laurence Galsomies and Muriel Guernion and Cécile Grand and H Hedde and H Hitmi and Sabine Houot and Marc Legras and Nuria Ruiz and Jean-François Vian},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

booktitle = {Second International Symposium on nematodes as environmental bio-indicators. 5-6 July 2012, Gent (Belgique)},

note = {ACTI},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@conference{Villenave2012a,

title = {Nematofauna study for soil monitoring, risk assessment and soil characterization. Results from the French national “Bioindicators Programme"; Eurosoil, 2-6 July 2012, Bari (Italy)},

author = {Cécile Villenave and Guénola Pérès and A Alaphilippe and Thierry Béguiristain and Bruno Bispo and Francis Douay and Olivier Faure and Muriel Guernion and Cécile Grand and H Hedde and H Hitmi and Sabine Houot and Marc Legras and Nuria Ruiz and Jean-François Vian},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

note = {ACTI},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@article{Waterlot2012,

title = {Effects of grinding and shaking on Cd, Pb and Zn distribution in anthropogenically impacted soils},

author = {Christophe Waterlot and Géraldine Bidar and Christelle Pruvot and Francis Douay},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Talanta},

volume = {98},

pages = {185-196},

abstract = {The effectsofgrinding size andshaking process on the results ofcd (cadmium), pb (lead) and zn (zinc) distribution measurements three agricultural and three kitchen garden soils highly contaminated by past atmospheric fallout of two lead and zinc smelters in northern france were studied. the physico-chemical parameters and pseudo-total concentration of metals within these soils were determined. the fractionation of metals was performed in triplicate, using the procedure recommended by the standards, measurements and testing program (sm&t), on each air-dried soil sample, ground to pass through 2-mm, 0.315-mm and 0.250-mm sieves and using a reciprocating or rotary shaker. the samples were analysed by flame or electrothermal absorption atomic spectrometry using a self-reversal background system. for both shaking processes, the grinding size had no effecton the fractionation of metals in contaminated agricultural soils. in contrast, using a reciprocating shaker, the fractionation of metals in the kitchen garden samples sieved at <2 mm was so different that in the samples prepared to pass through the 0.315-mm and 0.250-mm sieves. therefore changes (use of a 50 ml graduated polypropylene centrifuge tube, evaporation of the solution to a fixed volume in step 3 and the use of an automatic shaking heating bath) were made to the initial procedure and a rotary shaker was used to improve the suspension of the soil samples during extraction. for all grinding sizes, the fractionation of the three metals contained in the contaminated kitchen garden soil samples was successfully achieved. nevertheless, some discrepancies from samples sieved at <2 mm were obtained. on the other hand, it is worth noting that the effectof the type of shaker on the distribution of metal depended on the soil and the grinding size. from an analytical point of view, precision and trueness were improved after optimisation of the procedure for all sequential extraction procedure steps. the best results were obtained for samples sieved at <0.250 mm. similar trends were obtained using the crm bcr®-701 certified material. all the results showed that optimisation of the sequential extraction procedure could be adopted for the cd-, pb- and zn-partitioning in contaminated kitchen garden soils with high-level anthropogenic sources.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Waterlot2012a,

title = {Minimizing Chloride Interferences Produced by Calcium Chloride in the Determination of Cd by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry},

author = {Christophe Waterlot and Francis Douay},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {ISRN Spectroscopy},

pages = {1-10},

abstract = {Cadmium concentrations in cacl2 extracting solutions at various concentrations were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption using two background correctors: the deuterium and the high-speed self-reversal background correction systems. under- and overestimation of the cd absorbance signals in cacl2 solutions were observed for concentrations greater than 0.005m using the deuterium lamp while no important effect was observed using the other background correction system. the analytical performance of the spectrometer for the determination of cd was studied in 0.01m cacl2 solution and single extractions were performed using reference materials and contaminated soil samples. cadmium was determined using the two background correction systems and a third method, which consists of the use of the deuterium lamp without any chemical modifier, was added to the study. the results showed that the thirdmethod was unable to determine cd concentrations in the cacl2 solution due to the presence of extractable arsenic and iron. for solutions without any dilution or diluted with a very low dilution factor, the cacl2- extractable cd concentrations measured using the deuterium lamp were systematically below those found using the high-speed self-reversal method. these differences were explained by the presence of chloride ions in the atomization step.},

note = {ACLO},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Waterlot2012b,

title = {La spectrométrie d’absorption atomique par électrothermie: une technique d’analyse simple pour la détermination de l’indium dans les sols contaminés},

author = {Christophe Waterlot and Francis Douay and Fabien Daurangeon},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Spectra Analyse},

volume = {289},

pages = {24-28},

note = {ACLN},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Waterlot2012c,

title = {Application of the high-speed self-reversal background corrector to the determination of cadmium by chemical vapor generation atomic absorption spectrometry},

author = {Christophe Waterlot and Aurélie Pelfrêne and Francis Douay},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry},

volume = {90},

pages = {1-6},

abstract = {Les concentrations en cadmium (cd) dans les solutions d’extraction (sels neutres) de sols contaminés sont souvent trop faibles pour pouvoir être déterminées par spectrométrie d’absorption atomique en utilisant une simple flamme pour atomiser les éléments. la quantification de cd a` l’état de traces requière donc des méthodes d’analyses sensibles mais aussi exemptes d’interférences. dans ce contexte, le dosage de cd a été réalisé au moyen d’un spectromètre d’absorption atomique couplé a` un générateur d’hydrure en mode continu et combiné a` une méthode de correction du bruit de fond par renversement de spectre. les conditions optimales d’utilisation de la technique ont été déterminées de manière a` obtenir une sensibilité maximale. pour des concentrations de 2,5 et 5 ng ml–1, les absorbances maximales de cd ont été obtenues en préparant une solution de nabh4 a` 3 % dans une solution de soude a` 1,5 % et en analysant des solutions dont la concentration en hno3 a été de 0,3 mol/l. dans ces conditions, la limite de détection a été de 1 ng ml–1 et un coefficient de variation de 5 % a été trouvé en analysant a` 10 reprises des solutions de cd a` 0,2 et 1 ng ml–1, montrant ainsi une bonne sensibilité et reproductibilité de la méthode. de plus, la méthode analytique proposée s’est avérée être une méthode efficace permettant de minimiser les interférences causées par les cations as, al, ca, fe, mn, ni, pb, se et zn jusqu’a` 10 g ml–1. la méthode a été validée par la détermination des concentrations en cd dans les solutions d’extraction au cacl2 0,01 mol/l de sols certifiés et de sols contaminés. les données acquises avec la méthode proposées ont été comparées a` celles obtenues en utilisant des méthodes d’analyses plus conventionnelles, spectrométrie absorption atomique avec atomisation électrothermique et flamme. l’ensemble des résultats obtenus a montré que la méthode proposée était sensible, reproductible et permettait de s’affranchir de certaines interférences.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Waterlot2012d,

title = {Effects of iron concentration level in extracting solutions from contaminated soils on the determination of zinc by flame atomic absorption spectrometry with two background correctors},

author = {Christophe Waterlot and Aurélie Pelfrêne and Francis Douay},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry},

pages = {1-10},

abstract = {Zinc and iron concentrations were determined after digestion, water, and three-step sequential extractions of contaminated soils. analyses were carried out using flame absorption spectrometry with two background correctors: a deuterium lamp used as the continuum light source (d2 method) and the high-speed self-reversal method (hssr method). regarding the preliminary results obtained with synthetic solutions, the d2 method often emerged as an unsuitable configuration for compensating iron spectral interferences. in contrast, the hssr method appeared as a convenient and powerful configuration and was tested for the determination of zinc in contaminated soils containing high amounts of iron. simple, fast, and interference-free method, the hssr method allows zinc determination at the ppb level in the presence of large amounts of iron with high stability, sensitivity, and reproducibility of results. therefore, the hssr method is described here as a promising approach for monitoring zinc concentrations in various iron-containing samples without any pretreatment},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@techreport{Aligon2011,

title = {Site atelier Metaleurop. Synthèse des travaux de recherche réalisés autour de l’ancienne fonderie de Noyelles-Godault},

author = {Damien Aligon and Francis Douay},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

note = {VAL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@article{Arab2011b,

title = {A laboratory study of liquefaction of partially saturated sand},

author = {A Arab and Isam Shahrour and Laurent Lancelot},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Iberian Geology},

volume = {37},

number = {1},

pages = {29-36},

abstract = {This experimental study was designed to assess the effects of soil water saturation on the liquefaction of hostun rf sand. cyclic undrained triaxial tests were conducted at different soil saturation levels, as given by skempton’s coefficient, and liquefaction potential curves constructed for each value of this coefficient. our findings indicate that a lower soil saturation level results in the increased resistance of the sand to liquefaction, in agreement with the tendency observed in other sands. in addition, the variation in sand resistance to liquefaction produced with skempton’s coefficient was found to be consistent with the semi-empirical relation proposed by yang et al. (2004).},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@conference{Baize2011,

title = {Teneurs en éléments traces et facteurs d'enrichissement dans les sols agricoles en Nord – Pas-de-Calais},

author = {Denis Baize and Francis Douay and Thibault Sterckeman and Estelle Villanneau and Hocine Bourennane and Henri Ciesielski},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

booktitle = {Forum GeoReg, 23-27 octobre 2011, Villeneuve d’Ascq},

note = {COM},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@article{Brulle2011,

title = {Gene expression analysis of 4 biomarker candidates in Eisenia fetida exposed to an environmental metallic trace elements gradient: A microcosm study},

author = {Franck Brulle and Sébastien Lemière and Christophe Waterlot and Francis Douay and Franck Vandenbulcke},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Science of the Total Environment},

volume = {409},

number = {24},

pages = {5470-5482},

abstract = {Past activities of 2 smelters (metaleurop nord and nyrstar) led to the accumulation of high amounts of metal trace elements (tes) in top soils of the noyelles-godault/auby area, northern france. earthworms were exposed to polluted soils collected in this area to study and better understand the physiological changes, the mechanisms of acclimation, and detoxification resulting from te exposure. previously we have cloned and transcriptionally characterized potential biomarkers from immune cells of the ecotoxicologically important earthworm species eisenia fetida exposed in vivo to te-spiked standard soils. in the present study, analysis of expression kinetics of four candidate indicator genes (cadmium-metallothionein, coactosin like protein, phytochelatin synthase and lysenin) was performed in e. fetida after microcosm exposures to natural soils exhibiting an environmental cadmium (cd) gradient in a kinetic manner. te body burdens were also measured. this microcosm study provided insights into: (1) the ability of the 4 tested genes to serve as expression biomarkers, (2) detoxification processes through the expression analysis of selected genes, and (3) influence of land uses on the response of potential biomarkers (gene expression or te uptake). (c) 2011 elsevier b.v. all rights reserved.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Cebron2011,

title = {Biological functioning of PAH-polluted and thermal desorption-treatedsoils assessed by fauna and microbial bioindicators},

author = {Aurélie Cébron and Jérôme Cortet and Steven Criquet and Asmaa Biaz and Virgile Calvert and Cécile Caupert and Céline Pernin and Corinne Leyval},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Research in Microbiology},

volume = {162},

number = {9},

pages = {896-907},

abstract = {A large number of soil bioindicators were used to assess biological diversity and activity in soil polluted with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) and the same soil after thermal desorption (td) treatment. abundance and biodiversity of bacteria, fungi, protozoa, nematodes and microarthropods, as well as functional parameters such as enzymatic activities and soil respiration, were assessed during a two year period of in situ monitoring. we investigated the influence of vegetation (spontaneous vegetation and medicago sativa) and td treatment on biological functioning. multivariate analysis was performed to analyze the whole data set. a principal response curve (prc) technique was used to evaluate the different treatments (various vegetation and contaminated vs. td soil) contrasted with control (bare) soil over time. our results indicated the value of using a number of complementary bioindicators, describing both diversity and functions, to assess the influence of vegetation on soil and discriminate polluted from thermal desorption (td)-treated soil. plants had an influence on the abundance and activity of all organisms examined in our study, favoring the whole trophic chain development. however, although td-treated soil had a high abundance and diversity of microorganisms and fauna, enzymatic activities were weak because of the strong physical and chemical modifications of this soil.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Cebron2011a,

title = {Root exudates modify bacterial diversity of phenanthrene degraders in PAH-polluted but not phenanthrene degradation rates},

author = {Aurélie Cébron and Brice Louvel and Pierre Faure and Christian France-Lanord and Yin Chen and J.-Colin Murrell and Corinne Leyval},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Microbiology},

volume = {13},

number = {3},

pages = {722-736},

abstract = {To determine whether the diversity of phenanthrenedegrading bacteria in an aged polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) contaminated soil is affected by the addition of plant root exudates, dna stable isotope probing (sip) was used. microcosms of soil with and without addition of ryegrass exudates and with 13c-labelled phenanthrene (phe) were monitored over 12 days. phe degradation was slightly delayed in the presence of added exudate after 4 days of incubation. after 12 days, 68% of added phe disappeared both with and without exudate. carbon balance using isotopic analyses indicated that a part of the 13c-phe was not totally mineralized as 13co2 but unidentified 13c-compounds (i.e. 13c-phe or 13c-labelled metabolites) were trapped into the soil matrix. temporal thermal gradient gel electrophoresis (ttge) analyses of 16s rrna genes were performed on recovered 13c-enriched dna fractions. 16s rrna gene banding showed the impact of root exudates on diversity of phe-degrading bacteria. with phe as a fresh sole carbon source, pseudoxanthomonas sp. and microbacterium sp. were the major phe degraders, while in the presence of exudates, pseudomonas sp. and arthrobacter sp. were favoured. these two different phe-degrading bacterial populations were also distinguished through detection of pah-ring hydroxylating dioxygenase (pah-rhda) genes by real-time pcr. root exudates favoured the development of a higher diversity of bacteria and increased the abundance of bacteria containing known pahrhda genes.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Detriche2011b,

title = {Interannual (1999–2005) morphodynamic evolution of macro-tidal salt marshes in Mont-Saint-Michel Bay (France)},

author = {Sébastien Détriché and Anne-Sophie Susperregui and Eric Feunteun and Jean-Claude Lefeuvre and Alain Jigorel},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Continental Shelf Research},

volume = {31},

number = {6},

pages = {611-630},

abstract = {This paper provides a detailed study on the sedimentation patterns and the recent morphodynamic evolution affecting the macro-tidal salt marshes located west of the mont-saint-michel (france). twenty-two stations along three transects on the marshes were seasonally monitored for marsh surface level variations from 1999 to 2005, using a sediment erosion bar. the corresponding erosion/accretion rates were obtained together with data on topography, vegetation cover, and grain size of surface sediment. to examine the mechanisms contributing to the salt marsh sedimentation, the data and their evolution were treated with respect to tides, relative mean regional sea level, and wind speed/frequency variations. from 1999 to 2005, the marsh was globally accreting (from 3.45 to 38.11 mm yr−1 in the low marsh, up to 4.91 mm yr−1 in the middle marsh, and up to 1.35 mm yr−1 in the high marsh), while the study was conducted during a window of decreasing trend in mean regional sea level (−2.45 mm yr−1 according to regional-averaged time series). these sedimentation rates are one of the highest recorded worldwide; however, the sedimentation was not found to be continuous over the period in question. this pattern is illustrated by the strong extension of the marshes from 1999 to 2002, and the relative stability observed from 2003 to 2005. the imported and reworked sediments are trapped and fixed by the dense vegetation (puccinellia maritima, halimione portulacoides), inducing the general seaward extension of the marshes. the processes governing sediment budget (accretion/erosion) show annual, seasonal, and spatial variability on the marsh. spatial variations display contrasted patterns of erosion/sedimentation between the low, middle, and high marsh, and between the different transects. these patterns are a result of distance from sediment sources, strong heterogeneity in vegetation cover (human induced or not), and contrasting topographic and micro-topographic characteristics. the higher accretion rates are observed in distal settings in the low marsh, and strongly decrease toward the middle and high marsh. this evolution results from a decrease in accommodation space/water column thickness, and frequency of inundation coupled with an increase in station elevation, but also from the cumulated effects of vegetation cover and micro-topography. the vegetation cover of the low and middle marsh enhance the settling and fixing of fine sediments imported through tides or dispersed by flood and ebb currents. the seasonal evolution of the marshes is marked by contrasting effects of water storage in the sediment. the overall seasonal sediment budget is controlled by the variation of the frequency of inundation relative to tidal range and marshes topography. autumns are influenced by the tide (equinoxes), relative mean regional sea level, and variations in wind speed/frequency. winter wind speed and frequency in relation with tidal variations appear to be the main parameters regulating winter marsh evolution. summers are predominantly under the influence of local variations in water storage (desiccation) while external parameters generally display a low influence. although it is not governed by any one parameter, springtime sediment budget seems to result from strong interaction between the above-cited parameters, despite the significant frequency of inundation (equinoxes).},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@conference{Douay2011,

title = {L’impact de la pollution sur l’environnement: exemples concrets},

author = {Francis Douay},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

booktitle = {Renouvellement urbain sur sites et sols pollués: traiter l'héritage du passé pour la ville de demain, essai d'une approche interdisciplinaire. Université Lille 1. 8 décembre 2009 & 11 mai 2010, Villeneuve d'Ascq},

abstract = {Les activités du laboratoire sols et environnement de l’institut portent sur cinq thématiques. connaître les paramètres physicochimiques des sols régionaux, c'est-à-dire élaborer les bases de données qui renseignent sur ces paramètres des sols. diagnostiquer leur degré de contamination, principalement en éléments métalliques. etudier le comportement de ces polluants dans les sols. contribuer à l’évaluation de l’exposition aux polluants des populations. proposer et évaluer des techniques de remédiation de sols fortement contaminés, principalement en utilisant une végétation, qu’elle soit arborée ou herbacée. l’équipe pluridisciplinaire est constituée de 14 personnes, 7 enseignants chercheurs, 1 ingénieur recherche, 1 ingénieur d’étude, et trois doctorants et post-doctorant. l’intérêt de nos travaux, c’est qu’ils sont menés dans le cadre d’un vaste partenariat universitaire, institutionnel et industriel, et nous avons beaucoup profité du programme de recherche présenté par jean-marie haguenoer qui nous a permis notamment d’accéder à un site atelier exceptionnel. l’impact de la pollution sur l’environnement est une question extrêmement complexe à plusieurs titres. il s’agit de polluants d’origine et de nature très diverses, regroupés en deux grandes catégories : polluants organiques et polluants inorganiques. ils concernent divers compartiments environnementaux : l’eau, l’air, le sol, les poussières, la biosphère, les plantes, les animaux. on est souvent en présence des pollutions des sols à des degrés très variables, mais également multiples, c'est-à-dire combinant à la fois des polluants métalliques et/ou inorganiques. leurs comportements diffèrent selon leur nature, leur degré de contamination et leur forme chimique. enfin, des dangers environnementaux et sanitaires sont très variables et plus ou moins connus selon la concentration et la nature des polluants.},

note = {ACTN},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@conference{Douay2011a,

title = {Evaluation d'un mode de gestion durable de sols agricoles fortement contaminés par les éléments traces métalliques : application aux alentours de l’ancienne fonderie de plomb Metaleurop Nord.},

author = {Francis Douay and Alain Leprêtre and Eric Therssen and Annabelle Deram and A Shirali and Fabrice Cazier and Antoine Richard and Renaud Scheifler and Corine Statnik and Jérôme Muchembled and Jacques Blarel and B Lefevre},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

booktitle = {Forum GeoReg. 23-27 octobre 2011, Villeneuve d’Ascq},

note = {ACTN},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@conference{Douay2011b,

title = {Impacts d’un mode de phytomanagement sur des sols fortement contaminés par des métaux},

author = {Francis Douay and Alena Lopareva-Pohu and Bertrand Pourrut and Christophe Waterlot and Guillaume Garçon and Géraldine Bidar and Christelle Pruvot and Pirouz Shirali},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

booktitle = {ValBiom, 8èmes rencontres de la Biomasse. 26 octobre 2011, Gembloux (Belgique)},

note = {COM},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@techreport{Douay2011d,

title = {Site Metaleurop Nord à Noyelles-Godault (62). Campagnes de mesures des teneurs en plomb et en cadmium autour de l’ancien site industriel},

author = {Francis Douay and Julie Planque and Alexandre Loriette and Hervé Fourrier},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

abstract = {Ce présent rapport porte sur la réalisation d’une nouvelle campagne de mesures des concentrations en plomb et en cadmium dans les sols et les productions végétales qu’elles soient agricoles ou potagères dans la zone à plus de 200 mg de plomb kg‐1 autour de l’ancienne fonderie de plomb metaleurop nord (evin‐malmaison, courcelles les lens, noyelles‐godault, dourges, ostricourt, leforest et auby). la démarche vise à conforter ou redéfinir le périmètre du pig (établi en 1999) sur la base de données acquises sept ans après l’arrêt des activités de l’usine. les concentrations en plomb et en cadmium ont été mesurées dans l’horizon organo‐minéral (0 ‐ 25 cm) en 328 points répartis sur l’ensemble du secteur concerné (228 sols agricoles et 100 sols urbains). en parallèle, la teneur en ces deux éléments a été mesurée dans 303 prélèvements de végétaux (95 plantes agricoles et 208 plantes potagères). des semences et plants de variétés identiques ont été distribués aux jardiniers. les végétaux ont été préparés en fonction de leur destination et seules les parties habituellement consommées ont été analysées. la mesure des concentrations totales en pb et cd des sols et des végétaux a été confiée à l’inra. l’analyse statistique des concentrations totales en pb et en cd (campagne 2010 et campagnes antérieures) n’a pas mis en évidence une évolution notable du degré de contamination des sols depuis l’arrêt de l’activité. les sols présentent toujours aujourd’hui des concentrations totales en pb et cd qui dépassent d’une façon significative les teneurs agricoles habituelles régionales. l’analyse géostatistiques réalisée sur l’ensemble des informations acquises depuis l’arrêt des émissions de l’usine (plus de 1 000 données) atteste d’un fort degré de contamination de l’horizon organo‐minéral, d’une contamination plus importante des sols urbains et des habitats ligneux, de l’existence de « hot spots » de contamination (gare d’eau de courcelles les lens, site de stockage des boues de curage de la deûle). en comparaison des travaux antérieurs, l’accroissement du nombre de données analytiques a permis de préciser les courbes d’isoconcentration en pb et cd des sols. au regard de la réglementation en vigueur, la production agricole de végétaux pour l’alimentation humaine reste préoccupante dans la zone où les concentrations excèdent 4 mg de cadmium kg‐1 (grain de blé, d’escourgeon, féverole et betterave sucrière). la plupart des productions sont toutefois conformes pour l’alimentation animale (sauf les pailles de céréales et le maïs fourrager). la production de légumes au niveau des potagers est beaucoup plus problématique, ils sont souvent non‐conformes pour l’alimentation humaine. les plus cultivés (carotte, pomme de terre et poireau) sont d’ailleurs ceux qui présentent les plus forts taux de non‐conformité. de manière générale, la situation est plus préoccupante en ce qui concerne les concentrations totales en cd observées dans les végétaux qu’ils proviennent de l’agriculture ou des potagers. la situation environnementale a peu évolué depuis l’arrêt de l’activité de l’usine. des denrées alimentaires non‐conformes sont actuellement mises sur le marché. le dispositif en place devrait être renforcé pour garantir la sécurité alimentaire tout en assurant l’avenir de l’agriculture dans la zone concernée. les mesures de gestion devraient être étendues à partir de la zone qui présente des concentrations supérieures à 200 mg de pb kg‐1 et/ou à 4 mg de cd kg‐1.pour les sols urbains une stratégie de remédiation des sols selon leurs usages et les dangers pour les populations devrait être mise en place. attendues des populations locales, ces actions devraient être concomitantes d’un engagement des instances régionales, de la volonté et de la concertation des gestionnaires territoriaux.},

note = {VAL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@conference{Douay2011c,

title = {Fly ash-aided phytostabilisation of highly contaminated soils: assessment of field trial after 8 years},

author = {Francis Douay and Bertrand Pourrut and Christophe Waterlot and Alena Lopareva-Pohu and Christelle Pruvot and Guillaume Garçon and Géraldine Bidar and Pirouz Shirali},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

booktitle = {11th International Conference on the Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements (ICOBTE). 3-7 July 2011, Florence (Italie)},

note = {ACTI},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@article{Fritsch2011,

title = {Spatially explicit analysis of metal transfer to biota: influence of soil contamination and landscape},

author = {Clémentine Fritsch and Michaël Coeurdassier and Patrick Giraudoux and Francis Douay and Dominique Rieffel and Annette De-Vaufleury and Renaud Scheifler},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {PLoS ONE},

volume = {6},

number = {5},

pages = {e20682 (p 1-16)},

abstract = {Concepts and developments for a new field in ecotoxicology, referred to as ‘‘landscape ecotoxicology,’’ were proposed in the 1990s; however, to date, few studies have been developed in this emergent field. in fact, there is a strong interest in developing this area, both for renewing the concepts and tools used in ecotoxicology as well as for responding to practical issues, such as risk assessment. the aim of this study was to investigate the spatial heterogeneity of metal bioaccumulation in animals in order to identify the role of spatially explicit factors, such as landscape as well as total and extractable metal concentrations in soils. over a smelter-impacted area, we studied the accumulation of trace metals (tms: cd, pb and zn) in invertebrates (the grove snail cepaea sp and the glass snail oxychilus draparnaudi) and vertebrates (the bank vole myodes glareolus and the greater white-toothed shrew crocidura russula). total and cacl2-extractable concentrations of tms were measured in soils from woody patches where the animals were captured. tm concentrations in animals exhibited a high spatial heterogeneity. they increased with soil pollution and were better explained by total rather than cacl2-extractable tm concentrations, except in cepaea sp. tm levels in animals and their variations along the pollution gradient were modulated by the landscape, and this influence was species and metal specific. median soil metal concentrations (predicted by universal kriging) were calculated in buffers of increasing size and were related to bioaccumulation. the spatial scale at which tm concentrations in animals and soils showed the strongest correlations varied between metals, species and landscapes. the potential underlying mechanisms of landscape influence (community functioning, behaviour, etc.) are discussed. present results highlight the need for the further development of landscape ecotoxicology and multi-scale approaches, which would enhance our understanding of pollutant transfer and effects in ecosystems.},

note = {ACLO},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gineys2011c,

title = {Managing trace elements in Portland cement – Part II: Comparison of two methods to incorporate Zn in a cement},

author = {Nathalie Gineys and Georges Aouad and Denis Damidot},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Cement & Concrete Composites},

volume = {33},

number = {6},

pages = {629-636},

abstract = {This study compares two methods to immobilise the same amount of zn in cement paste. in the first method, zn is introduced into the raw material before clinkerisation, whereas in the second process, zn is introduced in the liquid phase used to make the cement paste, which is often referred to as solidification/stabilisation. in laboratory-made clinker, zn was mainly fixed within a new compound (ca6zn3al4o15). also, zn was observed in tricalcium silicate (c3s) and in the interstitial phase (c3a and c4af) with the exception of dicalcium silicate (c2s). in the present study, the threshold limit value corresponds to the maximum amount of zn that could be incorporated without the stability of the clinker phases being modified. this threshold was reached when a decrease in c3a content and/or the presence of ca6zn3al4o15 were observed by x-ray diffraction. the threshold limit of zn in the studied clinker was established at 0.7% by weight. the reactivity of synthesised cement doped with zn was studied by isothermal calorimetry measurements. these tests revealed that the incorporation of zn had no effect on calcium silicate hydration (c3s and c2s), even if the zn content exceeded the threshold limit value, i.e., 1%. these results were compared with those obtained through the solidification/stabilisation treatment of zn in a cement paste. in these experiments, a zn content of 0.7% induced a significant delay in the cement hydration. this difference in behaviour is due to the slower flow of zinc ions released in solution when it is incorporated in the clinker phases. thus, the immobilisation during clinkerisation is a good alternative to treat waste with a high zn content in ordinary portland cement (opc) without causing the well-known, deleterious effect on cement setting time},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Godet2011,

title = {Growth and metal accumulation in Porcellio scaber exposed to poplar litter from Cd-, Pb- and Zn-contaminated sites},

author = {Jean-Philippe Godet and Sylvain Demuynck and Christophe Waterlot and Sébastien Lemière and Catherine Souty-Grosset and Renaud Scheifler and Francis Douay and Alain Leprêtre and Christelle Pruvot},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety},

volume = {74},

number = {3},

pages = {451-458},

abstract = {This study aimed at determining, in the laboratory, the effects of poplar litter collected in woody habitats contaminated by heavy metals on growth and metal accumulation in the terrestrial isopod porcellio scaber. cd, pb, and zn pseudototal and cacl2-extractable concentrations in litter types were determined using aas. juveniles were fed ad libitum, individually, for 28 days with four litter types presenting an increasing gradient of metal contamination. individuals were weighed every week and metal body burdens were determined at the end of the experiment. from the first week until the end of the experiment, a decrease in p. scaber growth related to the increase of metal concentration in litter types was recorded. significant correlations were observed between metal body burdens and metal concentrations in litter types. however, cd accumulation in woodlice appeared to be related to the cd/zn concentration ratio in litter types. all these results showed the potential of weight gain in p. scaber as a suitable indicator for litter quality assessment with ecological relevance.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Laborie2011,

title = {Maternal perinatal undernutrition has long-term consequences on morphology, function and gene expression of the adrenal medulla in the adult male Rat},

author = {Christine Laborie and Olivier Molendi-Coste and Christophe Breton and Valérie Montel and Franck Vandenbulcke and Luca Grumolato and Youssef Anouar and Didier Vieau},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Neuroendocrinology},

volume = {23},

number = {8},

pages = {711-724},

abstract = {Epidemiological studies suggest that maternal undernutrition sensitises to the development of chronic adult diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension and obesity. although the physiological mechanisms involved in this ‘perinatal programming’ remain largely unknown, alterations of stress neuroendocrine systems such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) and sympathoadrenal axes might play a crucial role. despite recent reports showing that maternal perinatal undernutrition disturbs chromaffin cells organisation and activity in male rats at weaning, its long-term effects on adrenal medulla in adult animals are unknown. using a rat model of maternal perinatal 50% food restriction (fr50) from the second week of gestation until weaning, histochemistry approaches revealed alterations in noradrenergic chromaffin cells aggregation and in cholinergic innervation in the adrenal medulla of 8-month-old fr50 rats. electron microscopy showed that chromaffin cell granules exhibited ultrastructural changes in fr50 rats. these morphological changes were associated with reduced circulating levels and excretion of catecholamines. by contrast, catecholamine plasma levels were significantly increased after a 16 or 72 h of fasting, indicating that the responsiveness of the sympathoadrenal system to food deprivation was accentuated in fr50 adult rats. among 384 pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide-sensitive genes, we identified 129 genes (33.6%) that were under expressed (ratio < 0.7) in fr50 animals. a large number of these genes are involved in cytoskeleton remodelling and vesicle trafficking. taken together, our results show that maternal perinatal undernutrition programmes adrenomedullary function and gene expression in adult male rats. because catecholamines contribute to metabolic homeostasis, as well as arterial blood pressure regulation, the alterations observed in the adrenal medulla of adult male fr50 rats may participate in the programming of chronic adult diseases},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Lacroix2011,

title = {Microtectonic and geochemical characterization of thrusting in a foreland basin: Example of the South-Pyrenean orogenic wedge (Spain)},

author = {Brice Lacroix and Martine Buatier and Pierre Labaume and Anna Travé and Michel Dubois and Delphine Charpentier and Sandra Ventalon and Didier Convert-Gaubier},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Structural Geology},

volume = {33},

number = {9},

pages = {1359-1377},

abstract = {In orogenic systems, thrust faults play a major role in stacking different tectonic units and may act as conduits for the expulsion of large amounts of fluid of different origins (metamorphic, diagenetic, meteoric). this study focuses on the monte perdido thrust unit emplaced in the paleogene jaca thrust-sheet-top basin, in the sw-central pyrenees. we aim to decipher the mechanisms and p-t conditions of deformation in fault zones and characterize the related fluid involvement, through combined microstructural, geochemical and microthermometry analyses. two thrust faults cutting platform limestones, marls and siliciclastic turbidites of the lower part of the basin-fill (paleocene–lower eocene) have been studied. the fault zones are characterized by metre-thick shear zones with highly deformed, foliated clay-rich sediments. foliation is underlined by preferentially oriented phyllosilicates. several generations of shear and extension calcite, quartz and chlorite-bearing veins attest to fluid-rock interactions during a multi-stage deformation. microstructural observations and stable isotope analyses on calcite from veins and host sediments suggest that deformation was aseismic and dominated by diffusive mass transfer from pressure solution sites along cleavage and stylolites to the precipitation sites in veins, with mineralizing fluids in equilibrium with the host sediments. our results suggest an essentially closed hydrologic system, and imply the absence of significant fluid flow along the studied fault zones. microthermometric study on fluid inclusions present in calcite and quartz veins, and calcite-quartz oxygen isotopic fractionation determined for the first generation shear veins, allow a geothermal gradient of 34â â°c/km to be estimated. analytical results demonstrate an evolution of the fault zones in three stages. the first stage was related to the emplacement of the monte perdido thrust unit during the middle eocene at a temperature of ∼208â â°c and a burial depth of ∼5.7â km. the second stage corresponds to a fault reactivation at a temperature of ∼240â â°c and a burial depth of ∼6.5â km. the latter deformation may have been related to folding of the monte perdido thrust unit during the emplacement of the underlying gavarnie thrust unit during the late eocene–early oligocene, with deeper burial resulting from aggradation of the thrust-sheet-top basin-fill. the last event corresponds to the formation of a dilatant vein system likely related to the exhumation of the massif. %z acl %u http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/s0191814111001039 %+ %^},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@conference{Lafeuille2011,

title = {Table ronde sur le renouvellement urbain face aux impacts sanitaires et environnementaux},

author = {Christine Lafeuille and Jean-Rémi Mossmann and Jean-Marie Haguenoer and Francis Douay},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

booktitle = {Renouvellement urbain sur sites et sols pollués: traiter l'héritage du passé pour la ville de demain, essai d'une approche interdisciplinaire.Université Lille 1. 8 décembre 2009 & 11 mai 2010, Villeneuve d'Ascq},

note = {ACTN},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@phdthesis{Lopareva-Pohu2011b,

title = {Intérêt de la phytostabilisation aidée pour la gestion des sols pollués par des éléments traces métalliques (Cd, Pb, Zn)},

author = {A Lopareva-Pohu},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

school = {Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale},

abstract = {Aided phytostabilisation is a cost efficient technique to manage metal contaminated areas, especially in the case of extensive pollution. however, plant establishment and survival in highly metal-contaminated soils is crucial for phytostabilisation success, as metal toxicity for plants is widely reported. appropriate phytostabilisation technique should also limit metal transfer through the food chain. in this context, this study aimed at evaluating the long-term efficiency of aided phytostabilisation on former agricultural soils highly contaminated with cadmium, lead and zinc. the influence of afforestation and fly ash amendments to reduce metal phytoavailability was investigated as well as their effects on plant development. before being planted with a tree mix, the study site was divided into three plots: a reference plot with no amendment, the second amended with silico-aluminous fly ash and the third with sulfo-calcic fly ash. our data show that, unlike salix alba and quercus robur, alnus glutinosa, acer pseudoplatanus and robinia pseudoacacia have well grown on the site and accumulated overall quite small quantity of metals in their leaves and young twigs. this suggests that these three species are suitable for phytostabilisation of metal contaminated soils. after eight years, results also demonstrated that fly ash amendments strongly decreased te availability to a. glutinosa, a. pseudoplatanus and r. pseudoacacia, and translocation to above-ground parts. these decreases fit well together with the cacl2 extractability depletion of metal in amended soils. if both fly ashes are interesting to decrease cd, pb and zn concentrations in above-ground parts of trees, the sulfo-calcic ash is more efficient.},

note = {TH},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {phdthesis}

}

@article{Lopareva-Pohu2011b,

title = {Assessment of fly ash-aided phytostabilisation of highly contaminated soils after an 8-year field trial Part 1. Influence on soil parameters and metal extractability},

author = {Alena Lopareva-Pohu and Bertrand Pourrut and Christophe Waterlot and Guillaume Garçon and Géraldine Bidar and Christelle Pruvot and Pirouz Shirali and Francis Douay},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Science of the Total Environment},

volume = {409},

number = {3},

pages = {647-654},

abstract = {Sustainable management of large surface areas contaminated with trace elements is a real challenge, since currently applied remediation techniques are too expensive for these areas. aided phytostabilisation appears to be a cost efficient technique to reduce metal mobility in contaminated soils and contaminated particle spread. in this context, this study aimed at evaluating the long-term efficiency of aided phytostabilisation on former agricultural soils highly contaminated with trace elements. the influence of afforestation and fly ash amendments to reduce metal mobility was investigated. before being planted with a tree mix, the study site was divided into three plots: a reference plot with no amendment, the second amended with silico-aluminous fly ash and the third with sulfo-calcic fly ash. after eight years, some soil physico-chemical parameters, including cadmium (cd), lead (pb) and zinc (zn) extractability were modified. in particular, ph decreased on the whole site while organic carbon content increased. the alteration of these parameters influencing trace element mobility is explained by afforestation. over time, concentrations of cacl2-extractable metals increased and were correlated with the soil ph decrease. in the amended soils, extractable cd, pb and zn concentrations were lower than in the reference soil. the results indicated that the two fly ashes buffered natural soil acidification due to vegetation development and limited trace element mobility and thus could limit their bioavailability. for long-term phytostabilisation, special attention should be focused on the soil ph, metal mobility and phytoavailability analysis. (c) 2010 elsevier b.v. all rights reserved.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Lopareva-Pohu2011a,

title = {Influence of fly ash aided phytostabilisation of Pb, Cd and Zn highly contaminated soils on Lolium perenne and Trifolium repens metal transfer and physiological stress},

author = {Alena Lopareva-Pohu and Anthony Verdin and Guillaume Garçon and Anissa Lounès-Hadj-Sahraoui and Bertrand Pourrut and Djouher Debiane and Christophe Waterlot and Frédéric Laruelle and Géraldine Bidar and Francis Douay and Pirouz Shirali},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Pollution},

volume = {159},

number = {6},

pages = {1721-1729},

abstract = {Due to anthropogenic activities, large extends of soils are highly contaminated by metal trace element (mte). aided phytostabilisation aims to establish a vegetation cover in order to promote in situ immobilisation of trace elements by combining the use of metal-tolerant plants and inexpensive mineral or organic soil amendments. eight years after coal fly ash (cfa) soil amendment, mte bioavailability and uptake by two plants, lolium perenne and trifolium repens, were evaluated, as some biological markers reflecting physiological stress. results showed that the two plant species under study were suitable to reduce the mobility and the availability of these elements. moreover, the plant growth was better on cfa amended mte-contaminated soils, and the plant sensitivity to mte-induced physiological stress, as studied through photosynthetic pigment contents and oxidative damage was lower or similar. in conclusion, these results supported the usefulness of aided phytostabilisation of mte-highly contaminated soils. highlights ► aided phytostabilisation aims to establish a vegetation cover in order to promote immobilisation of mte. ► 8 years after the soil amendments, a pot culture study was carried out in greenhouse conditions. ► mte bioavailability and uptake by the two plants was drastically decreased with amendments. ► our results support the usefulness of aided phytostabilisation of mte-highly contaminated soils. ► cfa addition contributed to the reduction of the mte mobility and availability for the plants},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Louvel2011,

title = {Root exudates affect phenanthrene biodegradation, bacterial community and functional gene expression in sand microcosms},

author = {Brice Louvel and Aurélie Cébron and Corinne Leyval},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation},

volume = {65},

number = {7},

pages = {947-953},

abstract = {Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) degradation may be increased in plant rhizosphere, but the role of plants in pah degradation is not clearly understood. we investigated the effect of ryegrass root exudates on phenanthrene (phe) degradation, phe degrading bacterial population and functional gene expression in sand microcosms inoculated with bacteria from an industrial pah polluted soil. dominant bacteria were identified using 16s rdna based temporal thermal gradient electrophoresis (ttge). functional pah-ring hydroxylating dioxygenase (pah-rhdα) genes (dna) and transcripts (rna) were quantified through real-time pcr and rt-pcr. without root exudates phe degradation was rapid and complete within 5 days. herbaspirillum sp. and pseudomonas putida were the dominant strains. percentage of pah-rhdα relative to 16s rrna, both for genes and transcripts, was the highest after only two days and then decreased. with phenanthrene and root exudates as carbon sources, only 50% of the phe was degraded in 10 days. p. putida-related bacteria were also detected with other strains related to pseudomonas sp. and paenibacillus. phe degradation was reduced, and the percentage of pah-rhdα transcripts was lower with root exudates than with only phe, but increased over the incubation, while pah-rhdα gene copy number was higher},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@conference{Lucas2011,

title = {Lead Contamination in French housing},

author = {Jean-Paul Lucas and Barbara Le-Bot and Philippe Glorennec and Anne Etchevers and Philippe Bretin and Francis Douay and Véronique Sébille and Lise Bellanger and Corinne Mandin},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

booktitle = {International Society of Exposure Science. 23-27 October 2011, Baltimore (USA)},

abstract = {White lead was extensively used from the 18th century in europe. since the beginning of the 20th century, french laws have served to reduce the use of lead in paints. since 1999, mandatory controls have been screening for the presence of lead in french housing, but their data are not centralized. the aim of this study is to describe the lead contamination in the dwellings of children aged 6 months to 6 years in metropolitan france. total and leachable lead levels were measured in settled dust, outdoor playgrounds and paint chips, and dissolved lead was measured in tap water of 484 dwellings. the statistical analysis took into account the sampling design and the adjusted sampling weights. less than 1% of dwellings have a lead concentration ≥ 25μg/l in tap water; 0.25% has an average lead content ≥ 40μg/ft2 in floor dust; 1.3% of outdoor playground top soils have a lead concentration ≥ 400mg/kg. concentrations depend on the age of building and on the urban/rural location. lead-based paints (≥1mg/cm2) are more prevalent in the oldest homes (built before 1949, the year that leaded paint was supposed not to be used anymore). in homes built between 1949 and 1975, surfaces coated with white lead-based paints are rare; in units built from 1975, such surfaces are almost non-existent. however, settled dusts in dwellings built from 1975 to 1993 are as contaminated as those from homes built before 1949. common areas are more contaminated than inside homes. despite the public policies to reduce lead poisoning implemented in the last fifteen years, lead exposure standards do not exist in france, except for drinking water. the prevalence of homes with levels above american regulatory limits is relatively low for each studied media. however, only main residences with children were studied here, whereas other indoor environments may also expose children to lead. this work is continuing, with the objective of providing tools to identify high risk housing in france.},

note = {COM},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@article{Pelfrene2011,

title = {In vitro digestion and DGT techniques for estimating cadmium and lead bioavailability in contaminated soils: Influence of gastric juice pH},

author = {Aurélie Pelfrêne and Christophe Waterlot and Francis Douay},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Science of the Total Environment},

volume = {409},

pages = {5076-5085},

abstract = {A sensitivity analysis was conducted on an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion test (i) to investigate the influence of a low variation of gastric juice ph on the bioaccessibility of cd and pb in smelter-contaminated soils (fb, using the unified bioaccessibility method ubm) and fractions of metals that may be transported across the intestinal epithelium (fa, using the diffusive gradient in thin film technique), and (ii) to provide a better understanding of the significance of ph in health risk assessment through ingestion of soil by children. the risk of metal exposure to children (hazard quotient, hq) was determined for conditions that represent a worst-case scenario (i.e., ingestion rate of 200 mg day−1) using three separate calculations of metal daily intake: estimated daily intake (edi), bioaccessible edi (edi-fb), and oral bioavailable edi (edi-fa). the increasing ph from 1.2 to 1.7 resulted in: (i) no significant variation in cd-fb in the gastric phase but a decrease in the gastrointestinal phase; (ii) a decrease in soluble pb in the gastric phase and a significant variation in pb-fb in the gastrointestinal phase; (iii) a significant decrease in cd-fa and no variation in pb-fa; (iv) no change in edi-fb and edi-fa hqs for cd; (v) a significant decrease in edi-fb hqs and no significant variation in edi-fa hq for pb. in the analytical conditions, these results show that risk to children decreases when the bioavailability of pb in soils is taken into account and that the studied ph values do not affect the edi-fa hqs. the present results provide evidence that the inclusion of bioavailability analysis during health risk assessment could provide a more realistic estimate of cd and pb exposure, and opens a wide field of practical research on this topic (e.g., in contaminated site management).},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Pelfrene2011a,

title = {Investigation of DGT as a metal speciation tool in artificial human gastrointestinal fluids},

author = {Aurélie Pelfrêne and Christophe Waterlot and Francis Douay},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Analytica Chimica Acta},

volume = {699},

pages = {177-186},

abstract = {This paper reports the results of an investigation on the performance of the diffusive gradient in thin film technique (dgt) as a speciation tool for trace elements (tes) in artificial human gastrointestinal fluids. the validity of cd, pb, and zn sampling by dgt in digestive fluids was checked. the te bioaccessibility in highly contaminated soils was determined using the in vitro unified barge method (ubm) test. dgt devices were deployed in the gastrointestinal solutions obtained after carrying out the ubm test. the computer speciation code jess (joint expert speciation system) was used to predict the metal speciation of cd, pb, and zn. combining the in vitro test with the dgt technique and jess provided an approach to the te species available for transport across the intestinal epithelium. the gastrointestinal absorption of ingested te ranged from 8 to 30% for cd, 0.6 to 11% for pb, and 0.8 to 7% for zn and was influenced by te speciation. in this original approach, the dgt technique was found to be simple and reliable in the investigation of te chemical speciation in digestive fluids. extrapolation to the in vivo situation should be undertaken very cautiously and requires further investigation.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Pelfrene2011b,

title = {Assessing Cd, Pb, Zn mobility and human bioaccessibility in smelter-contaminated agricultural topsoils (northern France)},

author = {Aurélie Pelfrêne and Christophe Waterlot and Muriel Mazzuca and Catherine Nisse and Géraldine Bidar and Francis Douay},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Geochemistry and Health},

volume = {33},

number = {5},

pages = {477-493},

abstract = {The extractability of cd, pb, and zn was investigated in contaminated agricultural topsoils located in an area highly affected by the past atmospheric emissions of two smelters in northern france in order to assess their mobility and human bioaccessibility. the determination of cd, pb, and zn bioaccessibility (unified barge method, in vitro test) was made to evaluate the absolute trace element (te) bioavailability. the results highlighted differences in bioaccessibility between cd, pb, and zn (cd[pb[ zn). the mean values of the bioaccessible fractions of cd, pb, and zn during the gastric phase were 82, 55, and 33%, respectively, of the pseudototal concentrations, whereas during the gastrointestinal phase, the bioaccessible fractions of metals decreased to 45, 20, and 10%, respectively. stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that human bioaccessibility was affected by various physicochemical parameters (i.e., sand, carbonates, organic matter, assimilated p, free al oxides, and pseudototal fe contents). sequential extractions were performed as an indication of the te availability in these soils. cadmium occurred in the more available fractions, pb was mostly present as bound by oxides, and a significant contribution to the pseudototal zn concentration was defined as the unavailable residual form related to the crystalline structures of minerals. the concepts of bioavailability and bioaccessibility are important for quantifying the risks associated with exposure to environmental pollutants and providing more realistic information for human health},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@conference{Pelfrene2011c,

title = {Assessing Cd and Pb human bioaccessibility in smelter-contaminated agricultural and urban soils (northern France)},

author = {Aurélie Pelfrêne and Christophe Waterlot and Catherine Nisse and Muriel Mazzuca and Francis Douay},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

booktitle = {11th International Conference on the Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements (ICOBTE). 3-7 July 2011, Florence (Italy)},

note = {ACTI},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@conference{Peres2011,

title = {Selection of soil bioindicators for impact assessment of land use changes and soil protection. Exemple of the "Bioindicators Programme."},

author = {Guénola Pérès and Antonio Bispo and Cécile Grand and Isabelle Gattin and Mickaël Hedde and Jennifer Harris-Hellal and Marina Le-Guédard and Nuria Ruiz and A Alaphilippe and Thierry Béguiristain and Francis Douay and Olivier Faure and Adnane Hitmi and Sabine Houot and Marc Legras and Muriel Guernion and Jean-François Vian and Laurence Rougé and Jeanne-Chantal Dur and Daniel Cluzeau},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

booktitle = {The Wageningen Conference on Applied Soil Science. 18-22 September 2011, Wageningen (the Netherlands)},

note = {COM},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@conference{Peres2011a,

title = {A national research programme to validate a battery of soil bioindicators for impact and risk assessment in urban soils},

author = {Guénola Pérès and Cécile Grand and Isabelle Gattin and Mickaël Hedde and Jennifer Harris-Hellal and Marina Le-Guédard and Nuria Ruiz and A Alaphilippe and Thierry Béguiristain and Christelle Pruvot and Olivier Faure and Adnane Hitmi and Sabine Houot and Marc Legras and Muriel Guernion and Jean-François Vian and S Conil and Laurence Rougé and Salima Taibi and Daniel Cluzeau},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

booktitle = {SUITMA 6. 3-7 October 2011, Marrakech (Maroc)},

note = {COM},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@article{Pourrut2011,

title = {Lead-induced DNA damage in Vicia faba root cells: Potential involvement of oxidative stress},

author = {Bertrand Pourrut and Séverine Jean and Jérôme Silvestre and Eric Pinelli},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Mutation Research},

volume = {726},

number = {2},

pages = {123-128},

abstract = {Genotoxic effects of lead (0–20 μm) were investigated in whole-plant roots of vicia faba l., grown hydroponically under controlled conditions. lead-induced dna damage in v. faba roots was evaluated by use of the comet assay, which allowed the detection of dna strand-breakage and with the v. faba micronucleus test, which revealed chromosome aberrations. the results clearly indicate that lead induced dna fragmentation in a dose-dependant manner with a maximum effect at 10 μm. in addition, at this concentration, dna damage time-dependently increased until 12 h. then, a decrease in dna damages was recorded. the significant induction of micronucleus formation also reinforced the genotoxic character of this metal. direct interaction of lead with dna was also evaluated with the a-cellular comet assay. the data showed that dna breakages were not associated with a direct effect of lead on dna. in order to investigate the relationship between lead genotoxicity and oxidative stress, v. faba were exposed to lead in the presence or absence of the antioxidant vitamin e, or the nadph-oxidase inhibitor dephenylene iodonium (dpi). the total inhibition of the genotoxic effects of lead (dna breakage and micronucleus formation) by these compounds reveals the major role of reactive oxygen species (ros) in the genotoxicity of lead. these results highlight, for the first time in vivo and in whole-plant roots, the relationship between ros, dna strand-breaks and chromosome aberrations induced by lead},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@conference{Pourrut2011c,

title = {The PHYTENER project: development of phytostabilisation combined with energy crop production on agricultural soils highly contaminated by metals},

author = {Bertrand Pourrut and Alain Leprêtre and Eric Therssen and Annabelle Deram and Pirouz Shirali and Fabrice Cazier and Antoine Richard and Renaud Scheifler and Jacques Blarel and Francis Douay and the-PHYTENER-Team},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

booktitle = {European Geosciences Union General Assembly. 3-8 April 2011, Vienna (Austria)},

volume = {13},

pages = {1-2},

note = {ACTI},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@article{Pourrut2011a,

title = {Assessment of fly ash-aided phytostabilisation of highly contaminated soils after an 8-year field trial. Part 2. Influence on plants},

author = {Bertrand Pourrut and Alena Lopareva-Pohu and Christelle Pruvot and Guillaume Garçon and Anthony Verdin and Christophe Waterlot and Géraldine Bidar and Pirouz Shirali and Francis Douay},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Science of the Total Environment},

volume = {409},

pages = {4504-4510},

abstract = {Aided phytostabilisation is a cost-efficient technique to manage metal-contaminated areas, particularly in the presence of extensive pollution. plant establishment and survival in highly metal-contaminated soils are crucial for phytostabilisation success, as metal toxicity for plants is widely reported. a relevant phytostabilisation solution must limit metal transfer through the food chain. therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the long-term efficiency of aided phytostabilisation on former agricultural soils highly contaminated by cadmium, lead, and zinc. the influence of afforestation and fly ash amendments on reducing metal phytoavailability was investigated as were their effects on plant development. before being planted with a tree mix, the site was divided into three plots: a reference plot with no amendment, a plot amended with silico-aluminous fly ash and one with sulfo-calcic fly ash. unlike salix alba and quercus robur, alnus glutinosa, acer pseudoplatanus and robinia pseudoacacia grew well on the site and accumulated, overall, quite low concentrations of metals in their leaves and young twigs. this suggests that these three species have an excluder phenotype for cd, zn and pb. after 8 years, metal availability to a. glutinosa, a. pseudoplatanus and r. pseudoacacia, and translocation to their above-ground parts, strongly decreased in fly ash-amended soils. such decreases fit well together with the depletion of cacl2-extractable metals in amended soils. although both fly ashes were effective to decrease cd, pb and zn concentrations in above-ground parts of trees, the sulfo-calcic ash was more efficient.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@conference{Pourrut2011d,

title = {Recommendations for conducting the alkaline comet assay in higher plants},

author = {Bertrand Pourrut and Eric Pinelli and Jérôme Silvestre and Francis Douay},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

booktitle = {9th International Comet Assay Workshop (ICAW). 13-16 September 2011, Kusadası (Turquie)},

note = {ACTI},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@article{Pourrut2011b,

title = {Lead uptake, toxicity, and detoxification in plants},

author = {Bertrand Pourrut and Muhammad Shahid and Camille Dumat and Peter Winterton and Eric Pinelli},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology},

volume = {213},

pages = {113-136},

abstract = {Plants are the target of a wide range of pollutants that vary in concentration, speciation, and toxicity. such pollutants mainly enter the plant system through the soil (arshad et al. 2008) or via the atmosphere (uzu et al. 2010). among common pollutants that affect plants, lead is among the most toxic and frequently encountered (cecchi et al. 2008; grover et al. 2010; shahid et al. 2011). lead continues to be used widely in many industrial processes and occurs as a contaminant in all environmental compartments (soils, water, the atmosphere, and living organisms). the prominence of environmental lead contamination results both from its persistence (islam et al. 2008; andra et al. 2009; punamiya et al. 2010) and from its present and past numerous sources. these sources have included smelting, combustion of leaded gasoline, or applications of lead-contaminated media (sewage sludge and fertilizers) to land (piotrowska et al. 2009; gupta et al. 2009; sammut et al. 2010; grover et al. 2010). in 2009, production of recoverable lead from mining operations was 1690, 516, and 400 thousand metric tons by china, australia, and the usa, respectively (usgs 2009).},

note = {ACLS},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@conference{Pruvot2011,

title = {The use of fluctuating asymmetry analysis to evaluate the effects of metal-pollution (Cd, Pb, Zn) on Porcellio scaber (Crustacea, Isopoda) living in contaminated woody habitats},

author = {Christelle Pruvot and Jean-Philippe Godet and Sylvain Demuynck and Catherine Souty-Grosset and Francis Douay and Alain Leprêtre},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

booktitle = {12th European Ecological Federation Congress. 25-29 September 2011, Avila (Espagne)},

note = {ACTI},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@article{Sabra2011,

title = {Sequential extraction and particle size analysis of heavy metals in sediments dredged from the Deûle canal, France},

author = {Nada Sabra and Henri-charles Dubourguier and Tayssir Hamieh},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {The Open Environmental Engineering Journal},

volume = {4},

pages = {11-17},

abstract = {The deûle canal is one of the most polluted canals in northern france. it contains large volumes of polluted sediments.these have to be dredged and characterized before deciding about the technology suitable for their treatment. the sediments are thus subjected to a physico-chemical characterization comprising particle size classification and heavy metals sequential extraction studies. the total metallic concentrations exceed the french standards for several metals such as cadmium, zinc, lead or copper. on average, 92% of the total weight of each metal are present in the particles that are less than 53},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@conference{Schwartz2011,

title = {Which strategy for a survey of garden soils?},

author = {Christophe Schwartz and Elodie-Denise Chenot and Jérôme Cortet and Marko Debeljak and Saso Džeroski and Francis Douay and Camille Dumat and Dragi Kocev and Céline Pernin and Bertrand Pourrut},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

booktitle = {SUITMA 6. 3-7 October 2011, Marrakech (Maroc)},

abstract = {In france and all over the world, there is no systematic data available on the quality (fertility and contamination) of garden soils. nevertheless, there is a growing need for a typology and for a method dedicated to national and international garden soil survey. this inventory is much needed in the context of environmental risk assessment, to predict the potential impact on human health of the direct contact with garden soils and of the consumption of vegetables from gardens. the state of the art on the international knowledge on garden soils, gardening practices and food production, shows that gardens remain poorly known and very complex ecological, economical and social systems. their global quality is the result of a wide number of factors including environment, history, specific characteristics of the gardens, gardeners and their practices, plant and/or animal productions and socio-economic context. the aim is then to better know the determinism of the agronomic, environmental and sanitary properties of gardens as a function of gardening practices and their impact on the quality of soils and plants. we propose a definition of “garden” and more generally of all the field “garden”. the system “garden” is represented by attributes (soil and plant characteristics) and factors with various impacts (e.g. environment > soil parent material > former land uses > age and sex of gardener > gardening practices > socio-professional group > type and proportion of productions > climate > age of the garden > size of the garden > education, information > cultural origin > functions of the garden > regulations). a typology of gardens including 7 selected factors and associated categories and a method for describing, sampling and characterizing a population of gardens representative (for a country) are proposed. based on the statistical analysis and data mining on regional databases, we have determined and proposed an optimum size for the collected population of garden soils. the analysis of a dataset of garden soils characteristics using data mining lead to regression tree models enabling us an easy understanding of the results on the “garden” system (e.g. predict total metal concentrations from agronomic parameters and land-use, percentage of coarse fraction and percentage of technogenic materials in garden soils). the discussion of the results of data mining highlights the main indicators of soil quality and the method for a survey of garden soils is proposed. these results and the resulting approach might be validated and used on a worldwide scale to collect garden soil samples with the objective of agronomic, environmental and sanitary studies adapted to this type of urban agriculture.},

note = {ACTI},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}