Publications

@article{Shahid2011,

title = {Lead-induced genotoxicity to Vicia faba L. roots in relation with metal cell uptake and initial speciation},

author = {Muhammad Shahid and Eric Pinelli and Bertrand Pourrut and Jérôme Silvestre and Camille Dumat},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety},

volume = {74},

number = {1},

pages = {78-84},

abstract = {Formation of organometallic complexes in soil solution strongly influence metals phytoavailability. however, only few studies deal with the influence of metal speciation both on plant uptake and genotoxicity. in the present study, vicia faba seedlings were exposed for 6 h in controlled hydroponic conditions to 5 μm of lead nitrate alone and chelated to varying degrees by different organic ligands. ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and citric acid were, respectively, chosen as models of humic substances and low weight organic acids present in natural soil solutions. visual minteq software was used to estimate free lead cations concentration and ultimately to design the experimental layout. for all experimental conditions, both micronucleus test and measure of lead uptake by plants were finally performed. chelation of pb by edta, a strong chelator, dose-dependently increased the uptake in v. faba roots while its genotoxicity was significantly reduced, suggesting a protective role of edta. a weak correlation was observed between total lead concentration absorbed by roots and genotoxicity (r2=0.65). in contrast, a strong relationship (r2=0.93) exists between pb2+ concentration in exposure media and genotoxicity in the experiment performed with edta. citric acid induced labile organometallic complexes did not demonstrate any significant changes in lead genotoxicity or uptake. these results demonstrate that metal speciation knowledge could improve the interpretation of v. faba genotoxicity test performed to test soil quality.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Waterlot2011,

title = {Analysis of cadmium in water extracts from contaminated soils with high arsenic and iron concentration levels},

author = {Christophe Waterlot and Géraldine Bidar and Christelle Pruvot and Francis Douay},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering},

volume = {5},

pages = {271-280},

abstract = {Cadmium (cd) concentrations in the water extracts often contaminated soils by arsenic (as) with various iron (fe) contents were measured using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (icp-aes) and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (etaas). due to the potential spectral interferences of as and fe in the quantification of cd, two methods were used for the background compensation. the first method was based on the use of a deuterium lamp (bgcd2 mode). the second one required a cd hollow cathode lamp pulsated with a current for which the intensity varies in the course of time (bgcsr mode). the results showed that the choices of the analytical technique and the method used for the background compensation depend on the cd, as and fe concentrations in the solution and the concentration ratios as/cd or/and fe/cd. in comparison with the icp-aes and the etaas in combination with the bgcd2 mode, it was shown that the high-speed self-reversal method (hssr) was a more appropriate method to correct as and fe spectral interferences during the cd measurements. on the other hand, depending on the cd concentration, it was established that no significant fe interference occurred during the cd determination even if fe concentration was 50 mg/l, reflecting the efficiency of the hssr method to overcome the fe interferences in the determination of cd concentration by etaas without any matrix modifier in water extracts},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Waterlot2011a,

title = {DFT calculations on the Friedel-Crafts benzylation of 1,4-dimethoxybenzene using ZnCl2 impregnated montmorillonite K10 — inversion of relative selectivities and reactivities of aryl halides},

author = {Christophe Waterlot and Daniel Couturier and Benoit Rigo and Alina Ghinet and Marc De-Backer},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Papers},

volume = {65},

number = {6},

pages = {873-882},

abstract = {Zinc was bound on montmorillonite k10 by cation exchange to obtain a catalyst named clayzic. in the friedel-crafts benzylation of 1,4-dimethoxybenzene, this catalyst was used for the synthesis of substituted diphenylmethanes using 4-chlorobenzyl chloride and 4-bromobenzyl bromide. during the reaction, sub-products from a second benzylation reaction process were observed. for a better understanding of their formation, reactions were carried out at different times to obtain data on the progress of benzylation and the relative ratio of each product was calculated using two different analytical methods. it was shown that the selectivity and reactivity of both aryl halides were reversed under these experimental conditions contrary to those obtained using the more conventional catalyst, zinc dichloride. these results were explained by geometrical and electronic considerations. it was found that the formation of transition states and wheland intermediates from aryl bromide and chloride in the presence of clayzic can be explained in terms of preferential absorption. moreover, the high percentage of 4-chlorobenzyl chloride conversion was attributed to its covalent radius, which is smaller than that of br. at the same time it was shown that the presence of a brönsted acid, due to the liberation of hcl during the benzylation, is responsible for the poisoning of the clayzic catalyst. moreover, poisoning effect of the bromine anion could not be excluded},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@conference{Waterlot2011d,

title = {Lead mobility and bioaccessibility in kitchen garden soils (northern France) after immobilization with a mixture of phosphates},

author = {Christophe Waterlot and Aurélie Pelfrêne and Francis Douay},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

booktitle = {11th International Conference on the Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements (ICOBTE). 3-7 July 2011, Florence (Italy)},

note = {ACTI},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@article{Waterlot2011b,

title = {Effects of a phosphorus amendment and the pH of water used for watering on the mobility and phytoavailability of Cd, Pb and Zn in highly contaminated kitchen garden soils},

author = {Christophe Waterlot and Christelle Pruvot and Henri Ciesielski and Francis Douay},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Ecological engineering},

volume = {37},

number = {7},

pages = {1081-1093},

abstract = {Studies on two lead and zinc smelters in northern france (metaleurop nord and umicore) showed that the level of metallic contamination of kitchen garden soils is higher than the agricultural soils located in the same environment. this results most particularly from cropping practices and the addition of various products. due to the physical and chemical parameters of these soils, the behaviour and transfer of pollutants towards various plants (grass, trees, and vegetables) may be perceptibly different than what is observed on agricultural soils. for a better understanding of pollutant behaviour in kitchen garden topsoils, the cd, pb and zn was fractionated using the sm&t protocol and various extracting solutions (cacl2, acetic acid, and citric acid) to evaluate their mobility in two highly contaminated soils chosen in the area affected by the past atmospheric emissions of the two smelters. in addition, agricultural topsoil was sampled in a non-massively contaminated area and was therefore chosen as the control soil. the three soils were amended with a mixture of hydroxyapatite (ha) and diammonium phosphate (dap). at 6 months, extracting procedures were carried out to evaluate the effects of the amendment on the mobility of cd, pb and zn. this step was then supplemented by an evaluation of the impact of the amendment on the phytoavailability of pollutants, which was determined in plant uptake studies with ryegrass (lolium perenne l.) by considering only the pollutant concentrations in their shoots. two experiments were carried out. in the first one, unamended and amended soils and ryegrass were watered with distilled water (ph = 7). in the second one, osmosed water (ph = 5.5) was used to evaluate the effects of the acid water–phosphate amendment system on the mobility and phytoavailability of cd, pb and zn. six months after the start of the experiments, the selective extractions showed that the effectiveness of the amendment studied depended on the element, the soil and the water's ph. reductions of metal eluted from the contaminated soils were 1.5–37.9% for cd, and 9.1–80.9% for pb. application of p amendment to the combination of osmosed water was generally the most effective for immobilising cd and pb elution. in contrast, the mixture of ha and dap was ineffective for reducing zn elution. the plant-fresh biomass yield was significantly (p < 0.05) increased by the combination of p amendment and distilled water, whereas a reduction of biomass was recorded with the combined amendment and osmosed water. addition of p amendment generally reduced pb uptake in ryegrass shoots (1–47%), while both cd and zn were increased by 17.9–79% and 0.45–100%, respectively.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Waterlot2011c,

title = {Structure and physical properties in crosslinked polyurethanes},

author = {Véronique Waterlot and Daniel Couturier and Christophe Waterlot},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Applied Polymer Science},

volume = {119},

number = {3},

pages = {1742-1751},

abstract = {Crosslinked polyurethanes based on a mixture of toluene diisocyanate, polypropylene glycol, trimethylol propane (tmp), glycerol (gly), and desmophen (des) were synthesized with various ratios of des and gly. chemical crosslinks were introduced through the hard segment (tmp, gly) and through the soft segment (des). the effects of the degree of crosslinking on the properties were examined. the crystallinity of the obtained polymers were studied by using modulated differential scanning calorimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis and their morphology was studied by atomic force microscopy. it appeared that the degree of crosslinking increased according to the increase of gly content. moreover, it was found that chemical crosslinks in the hard segment destroyed the crystallinity of the hard phase and reduced the mobility of the soft phase, improving the heat stability of the hard domains, and modifying the mechanical properties of polyurethane films.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Wiktor2011b,

title = {Accelerated weathering of cementitious matrix for the developmentof an accelerated laboratory test of biodeterioration},

author = {Virginie Wiktor and Philippe Grosseau and René Guyonnet and Eric Garcia-Diaz and Christine Lors},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Materials and Structures},

volume = {44},

number = {3},

pages = {623-640},

abstract = {Cement based materials are porous, may contain organic adjuvants, and thus possesses an important primary bioreceptivity. to preserve constructions from fungal colonization and to act efficiently against fungal biodeterioration, it is necessary to have a better understanding of biodeterioration mechanisms and its effects on materials properties. an accelerated laboratory test which allows us to compare the growth of three fungal strains and the aesthetic biodeterioration of a cementitious matrix was developed. as the surface ph of the fresh cement specimen is too high to allow fungal growth (ph ~12), accelerating weathering of the matrix, consisting of the combination of carbonation and leaching, was performed to reduce the matrix alkalinity. xrd analyses and sem observations pointed out that the matrix surface is progressively covered by a calcium carbonate layer as the weathering increases. results point out that the microbial growth occurs on matrix with a surface composition more like a limestone than a cementitious one.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Zu2011,

title = {Factors affecting trace element content in periurban market garden subsoil in Yunnan Province, China},

author = {Yan-Qun Zu and Laurent Bock and Christian Schvartz and Gilles Colinet and Yuan Li},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Environmental Sciences-China},

volume = {23},

number = {3},

pages = {488-496},

abstract = {Field investigations were conducted to measure subsoil trace element content and factors influencing content in an intensive periurban market garden in chenggong county, yunnan province, south-west china. the area was divided into three different geomorphological units: specifically, mountain (m), transition (t) and lacustrine (l). mean trace element content in subsoil were determined for pb (58.2 mg/kg), cd (0.89 mg/kg), cu (129.2 mg/kg), and zn (97.0 mg/kg). strong significant relationships between trace element content in topsoil and subsoil were observed. both pb and zn were accumulated in topsoil (rts (ratio of mean trace element in topsoil to subsoil) of pb and zn >= 1.0) and cd and cu in subsoil (rts of cd and cu <= 1.0). subsoil trace element content was related to relief, stoniness, soil color, clay content, and cation exchange capacity. except for 7.5 yr (yellow-red) color, trace element content increased with color intensity from brown to reddish brown. significant positive relationships were observed between fe content and that of pb and cu. trace element content in mountain unit subsoil was higher than in transition and lacustrine units (m > t > l), except for cu (t > m > l). mean trace element content in calcareous subsoil was higher than in sandstone and shale. mean trace element content in clay texture subsoil was higher than in sandy and sandy loam subsoil, and higher cu and zn content in subsoil with few mottles. it is possible to model pb, cd, cu, and zn distribution in subsoil physico-chemical characteristics to help improve agricultural practice.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Alary2010,

title = {Factorial kriging analysis as a tool for explaining the complex spatial distribution of metals in sediments},

author = {Claire Alary and Hélène Demougeot-Renard},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Science and Technology},

volume = {44},

number = {2},

pages = {593-599},

abstract = {Rivers flowing through urbanized and industrial areas are usually greatly damaged by anthropogenic activities discharging contaminants. characterizing the spatial distribution of pollutants in sediments is of high importance for selecting a suitable remediation operation, but is a complex task because this spatial variability is the result of various physical and chemical mechanisms occurring at different scales. factorial kriging analysis (fka)wasappliedondata collected inacanalized river (scarpe, france) for that purpose, because this geostatistical technique allows to decompose a given variable into components of different spatial correlations and map them separately. this decomposition is meaning ful provided that it can be related to physical phenomena occurring at the identified spatial scales.fka applied to cd and zn concentrations in sediments of the scarpe river proved to be effective, allowing their mapping to be decomposedin a first maprelated to a short range spatial correlation corresponding to hot spots interpreted as the impact of industrial and urban inputs located along the canal, and a second map related to a long-range spatial variability associated with long pollutant plumes interpreted as the effect of one major upstream pollutant input.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Baize2010,

title = {Les éléments en traces dans les sols agricoles du Nord-Pas-de-Calais. I. Étude et cartographie des teneurs des horizons de surface},

author = {Denis Baize and Francis Douay and Estelle Villanneau and Hocine Bourennane and Thibault Sterckeman and Henri Ciesielski and Dominique King},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Etude et Gestion des Sols},

volume = {17},

number = {3-4},

pages = {213-237},

abstract = {La base de données utilisée pour la présente étude rassemble des populations d’analyses de sols provenant de cinq sources correspondant chacune à une stratégie d’échantillonnage différente et à un objectif distinct. au total, 3 929 analyses réalisées entre 1990 et 2007 ont été collectées : elles provenaient presque exclusivement d’horizons de surface de sols agricoles. outre les concentrations en etm, les principales caractéristiques agro-pédologiques et les coordonnées géographiques, la base de données contient également des informations sur l’occupation du sol et sur la nature du matériau parental. dans le nord -pas-de-calais affleurent des roches sédimentaires variées, souvent recouvertes par des dépôts éoliens limoneux, mais tous ces matériaux montrent des teneurs naturelles faibles en etm. les différentes stratégies d’échantillonnage se sont assez bien complétées et ont permis une bonne couverture du territoire régional et des diverses causes de contaminations anthropiques : aussi bien les sources diffuses que celles très ponctuelles. ont été réalisés divers traitements tels que : statistiques régionales descriptives ; examen de la localisation des valeurs anomaliques ; cartographies mono-élémentaires par krigeage ; vision multi-élémentaire grâce à un indice numérique additif très simple. un fort contraste apparaît entre des secteurs fortement influencés par des contaminations voire des pollutions multimétalliques (zones riveraines de l’agglomération lilloise, environs immédiats de grands sites industriels) et les zones rurales qui ne montrent pas de contaminations nettes à l’exception du cadmium apporté par la fertilisation phosphatée. outre une vision spatiale des teneurs pour les 8 principaux éléments traces, les traitements ont permis d’avoir une bonne connaissance statistique des teneurs usuelles en stratifiant par matériaux parentaux et par petites régions naturelles. ces « teneurs agricoles habituelles » (tah) ainsi stratifiées peuvent être correctement estimées en considérant toutes les valeurs comprises entre le percentile 10 et le percentile 90. ces tah peuvent être utilisées comme valeurs de référence plus appropriées que de simples statistiques calculées à l’échelon régional ou départemental, tout particulièrement dans le cadre de l’interprétation de l’état des milieux ou pour proposer aux services santé-environnement des agences régionales de santé des valeurs seuils de sélection pour prendre en compte tel ou tel élément trace dans une évaluation des risques sanitaires},

note = {ACLN},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bernard2010,

title = {Metallic trace element body burdens and gene expression analysis of biomarker candidates in Eisenia fetida, using an ''exposure/depuration'' experimental scheme with field soils},

author = {Fabien Bernard and Franck Brulle and Francis Douay and Sébastien Lemière and Sylvain Demuynck and Franck Vandenbulcke},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety},

volume = {73},

number = {5},

pages = {1034-1045},

abstract = {Smelting plant activities lead to the accumulation of metal trace elements (mtes) in soils. the presence of high concentrations of mtes can generate an environmental stress likely to affect macroinvertebrates living in close soil contact such as the annelida oligochaeta. eisenia fetida, an ecotoxicologically important test species, was successively exposed to two field soils: (1) a highly contaminated agricultural topsoil collected near the former smelter metaleurop nord (noyelles-godault, france) which contaminated surrounding soils by its atmospheric emissions [exposure phase], and then (2) a slightly contaminated topsoil from an urban garden located in the conurbation of lille (wambrechies) [depuration phase]. two analyses were performed during each phase. firstly, the gene expression levels of four biomarker candidates identified in previous studies were analyzed in e. fetida coelomocytes. these candidates are cd-metallothionein, phytochelatin synthase, coactosin-like protein and lysenin. secondly, the body burdens of the following elements cd, pb, zn, cu, fe, ca, and p were measured. moreover, both analyses were also performed in lumbricus rubellus, an annelid species collected from the two tested soil-originating sites. analysis of gene expression and mte body burdens in both species are discussed to: (1) evaluate expression biomarkers; (2) gain insight the detoxification processes and the long-term response to a metallic stress and (3) compare the responses observed in a test species (e. fetida) with the responses of a field species (l. rubellus). (c) 2010 elsevier inc. all rights reserved.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bourennane2010,

title = {Mapping of anthropogenic trace elements inputs in agricultural topsoil from Northern France using enrichment factors},

author = {Hocine Bourennane and Francis Douay and Thibault Sterckeman and Estelle Villanneau and Henri Ciesielski and Dominique King and Denis Baize},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Geoderma},

volume = {157},

number = {3-4},

pages = {165-174},

abstract = {Anthropogenic trace element contamination of soils in the densely populated and industrialized nord-pas de calais region (france) was quantified using enrichment factors (efs). total concentrations of al and 18 trace elements (as, bi, cd, co, cr, cu, hg, in, mn, mo, ni, pb, sb, se, sn, tl, v, and zn) were determined in 252 sampling sites both in topsoil and deep horizons of soils developed from sedimentary materials. thus, at each sampling site an enrichment factor was computed for each of the 18 trace elements as the ratio between total concentrations of the trace element in topsoil and deep horizons in the same soil pit, normalized by concentrations of al measured in the same horizons and the same pit. to estimate ef values at unsampled locations and then to assess the spatial magnitude of anthropogenic trace element contamination over the whole study area (12400 km(2)), variography analysis was used to quantify the spatial structure of each ef. results have shown that values of 8 efs are spatially correlated. these efs were thus mapped using the sequential gaussian simulation technique. one hundred horizon samples from 50 supplementary sites were analysed for the structured trace elements and al contents and used for the mapping validation. results of the validation based on the accuracy plots and goodness statistics (g and d) allowed us to conclude that ef maps exhibited high certainty in regard to the validation data set. in addition, results have shown that e-type estimates were accurate when they are used to estimate the measured ef value of the validation data set. accordingly, these maps were used to discuss the origin of patches of surface horizon enrichment displaying an exogenous input of the trace elements investigated. the whole study area under discussion is strongly enriched with cadmium, originating from both industrial and agricultural activities. surface horizons also exhibit locally high levels of pb and zn enrichment, mainly around well-known former or current industrial sites. however. pb and zn enriched surface horizons are far less widespread than those enriched in cd. higher cu, bi and sn ef values were observed in the northern part of the region studied than in the southern part. the dissimilarity underlined a rather diffuse contamination from the urbanized zone in the north to the rural zone in the south of the region. the enrichment of surface horizons by in and tl seems insignificant. some unstructured efs were attributes to point-source enrichments. (c) 2010 elsevier b.v. all rights reserved.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@conference{Brulle2010a,

title = {Identification and analysis of the expression profiles of new biomarker candidates in Eisenia fetida: A transcriptomic approach},

author = {Franck Brulle and Claude Cocquerelle and Sébastien Lemière and Francis Douay and Alain Leprêtre and Franck Vandenbulcke},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

booktitle = {SETAC Europe 20th Annual Meeting. 23-27 May 2010, Seville (Espagne)},

note = {COM},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@article{Brulle2010b,

title = {Transcriptomic underpinning of toxicant-mediated physiological function alterations in three terrestrial invertebrate taxa: A review},

author = {Franck Brulle and Andrew-John Morgan and Claude Cocquerelle and Franck Vandenbulcke},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Pollution},

volume = {158},

number = {9},

pages = {2793-2808},

abstract = {Diverse anthropogenic activities often lead to the accumulation of inorganic and organic residues in topsoils. biota living in close contact with contaminated soils may experience stress at different levels of biological organisation throughout the continuum from the molecular-genetic to ecological and community levels. to date, the relationship between changes at the molecular (mrna expression) and biochemical/physiological levels evoked by exposures to chemical compounds has been partially established in a limited number of terrestrial invertebrate species. recently, the advent of a family of transcriptomic tools (e.g. real-time pcr, subtractive suppressive hybridization, expressed sequence tag sequencing, pyro-sequencing technologies, microarray chips), together with supporting informatic and statistical procedures, have permitted the robust analyses of global gene expression changes within an ecotoxicological context. this review focuses on how transcriptomics is enlightening our understanding of the molecular-genetic responses of three contrasting terrestrial macroinvertebrate taxa (nematodes, earthworms, and springtails) to inorganics, organics, and agrochemicals},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@conference{Cocquerelle2010,

title = {Identification of gene transcripts differentially expressed in the immune competent cells (coelomocytes) of Eisenia fetida exposed to metallic pollution},

author = {Claude Cocquerelle and Ben Elsworth and Franck Brulle and A.John Morgan and M Blaxter and Franck Vandenbulcke},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

booktitle = {International Symposium on Earthworm Ecology (ISEE), 5-10 September 2010, Xalapa, Veracruz (Mexico)},

note = {ACTI},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@article{Commin-Fischer2010,

title = {Petrography and chemistry of SiO2 filling phases in the amethyst geodes from the Serra Geral Formation deposit, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil},

author = {Adriane Commin-Fischer and Gilles Berger and Mireille Polvé and Paul Sardini and Daniel Beaufort and Michel Dubois and Milton Formoso},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Journal of South American Earth Sciences},

volume = {29},

number = {3},

pages = {751-760},

abstract = {The filling process of amethyst-bearing geodes from serra geral formation basalts, brazil, is investigated by different methods performed on the sio2 filling phases. image analysis of quartz–amethyst deposits suggests a single growing mechanism ruled by geometric selection of randomly oriented crystals. microthermometry of fluid inclusions reveals formation temperature lower than 100 °c, probably lower than 50 °c, and fluid salinity as high as 3 mass% nacl eq. composition in ree and trace-elements measured by icp-ms on acid-digested or laser-ablated samples indicates a common genesis for amethyst, quartz and chalcedony, as well as the absence of significant variations from one geode to another. 87sr/86sr data on chalcedony shows that both the host basalt or the botucatu sandstone are possible silica sources. these data, combined with thermo-kinetic considerations, permit us to discuss the filling process. we argue in favor of the contribution of a mineralized fluid of hydrothermal origin producing a regional silica source which decreased with time. the observed mineral sequence is related to the depletion of silica in the solution},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Detriche2010b,

title = {Caesium-137 in sandy sediments of the River Loire (France): Assessment of an alluvial island evolving over the last 50 years},

author = {Sébastien Détriché and Stéphane Rodrigues and Jean-Jacques Macaire and Philippe Bonté and Jean-Gabriel Bréhéret and Jean-Paul Bakyono and Philippe Jugé},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Geomorphology},

volume = {115},

number = {1-2},

pages = {11-22},

abstract = {Recent sedimentological and morphological evolution of an island in the river loire (france) was investigated using the 137cs method. this study describes the morphological adjustment of the island in the last 50 years, which corresponds to the increased bed incision of this sandy, multiple-channel environment because of, among other things, the increase in sediment extraction up to 1995. the results show that some 137cs can be retained by sandy particles, potentially in clay minerals forming weathering features included in detrital sand grains. from a morphological perspective, significant lateral erosion can be observed in the upstream part of the island, while a weak lateral accretion occurs in its downstream section. data about 137cs and aerial photographs show that the morphology of the island margins has undergone significant changes leading to a lateral migration, while the centre of the island has remained relatively stable or is slowly eroding. the migration of the island depends on: (1) the withdrawal of inherited preincision morphological units, such as levees, or the development of new units, such as a channel shelf; (2) water and sediment supply from surrounding channels during flood events; (3) preferential sediment trapping (20 mm year− 1) from the presence of riparian vegetation on the bank of the secondary channel that is subject to narrowing. the sedimentological and morphological response of the island in the context of incision of the loire river bed is expressed mainly by lateral migration and secondarily by a low vertical adjustment.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Dubois2010b,

title = {Investigation of the H2O-NaCl-LiCl System: A synthetic fluid inclusion study and thermodynamic modeling from -50° to +100°C and up to 12 mol/kg},

author = {Michel Dubois and Christophe Monnin and Teddy Castelain and Yvan Coquinot and Sophie Gouy and Arnaud Gauthier and Bruno Goffé},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Economic Geology},

volume = {105},

number = {2},

pages = {329-338},

abstract = {Lithium can reach high concentrations in some geological environments, such as rare element pegmatites, continental brines, and hydrothermal systems. the h2o-nacl-licl system was investigated as a model for fluid inclusion studies in lithium-rich fluids. we first compiled experimental data (freezing point depression measurements and halite solubility data). synthetic fluid inclusions were then prepared in quartz crystals, in order to obtain new solubility data and to observe phase transitions in a system characterized by the presence of numerous hydrates. the combination of raman microspectrometry and microthermometry leads to identify undoubtedly the phase transition succession. raman revealed partial crystallization and metastable phase transitions. a new spectrum for licl pentahydrate, the stable phase melting at the eutectic, is presented. the pitzer model was used to calculate phase solubility using published expressions of activity coefficients for the h2onacl and h2o-licl systems. we finally propose a representation of the h2o-nacl-licl phase diagram for the interpretation of phase transitions in li-rich chloride-dominated fluid inclusions in the range −50° to +100°c.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@conference{Elsworth2010,

title = {Identification of gene transcripts differentially expressed during metallic exposure in the immune circulating cells, namely coelomocytes, from Eisenia fetida exposed to metallic pollution},

author = {Ben Elsworth and Claude Cocquerelle and Franck Brulle and M Blaxter and Franck Vandenbulcke},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

booktitle = {SETAC Europe 20th Annual Meeting, 23-27 May 2010, Seville (Spain)},

note = {ACTI},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@article{Fritsch2010,

title = {Spatial distribution of metals in smelter-impacted soils of woody habitats: Influence of landscape and soil properties, and risk for wildlife},

author = {Clémentine Fritsch and Patrick Giraudoux and Michaël Coeurdassier and Francis Douay and Francis Raoul and Christelle Pruvot and Christophe Waterlot and Annette De-Vaufleury and Renaud Scheifler},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Chemosphere},

volume = {81},

pages = {141-155},

abstract = {The spatial distribution of total and cacl2-extracted cd, pb and zn concentrations in smelter-impacted soils was investigated over a polluted site (40 km2) in northern france. the study was conducted on 262 soils sampled in woody habitats. total and extracted concentrations of trace metals (tms) rose up to 2402 and 59.5 mg kg1 for cd, 41 960 and 13.7 mg kg1 for pb, 38 760 and 143.0 mg kg1 for zn, respectively. the spatial dependence of both total and extracted concentrations showed a high spatial auto-correlation and ordinary kriging was used to predict soil concentrations. investigating which variables influenced metal concentrations and their spatial distribution, we found that total concentrations mostly depended on the distance from the smelter, the wind and the organic carbon, while extracted concentrations were mainly modulated by the ph. conditionally to those variables, other soil properties and landscape characteristics influenced both total and extracted concentrations. we conclude that total and extracted tm concentrations are governed by different processes which act at various spatial ranges: total concentrations are mainly related to input and retention of metals (large scale) whereas extracted concentrations were mainly explained by factors controlling metal solubility in soils (local scale). spatial distributions of total and extracted tms differed over the area, which should be considered for risk assessment. maps of risk based on the us epa’s eco-ssls (for plants, invertebrates and vertebrates) were realized, showing that wildlife may be at risk but that the relevance of eco-ssl values is questionable.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gineys2010b,

title = {Managing trace elements in Portland cement – Part I: Interactions between cement paste and heavy metals added during mixing as soluble salts},

author = {Nathalie Gineys and Georges Aouad and Denis Damidot},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Cement & Concrete Composites},

volume = {32},

number = {8},

pages = {563-570},

abstract = {The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of the addition of cu, cd, ni, pb and zn nitrate salts on the compressive strength of a cem i portland cement. concentrations of 0.018 or 0.18 mol/kg of cement of each trace element were tested. after 2 days age, the compressive strength was reduced by various extents by addition of heavy metals, with the exception of ni. this difference is due to a delay in tricalcium silicate hydration (c3s) as shown by an isothermal calorimetry test. trace elements also influence the 28-days compressive strength, whereas the measured degree of hydration of these cement pastes is the same. as shown by scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction, cu and pb are predominantly absorbed in the calcium silicate hydrate gel (c–s–h) while cd, ni and zn are mainly precipitated as hydroxides within the intergranular porosity. thus, trace elements precipitated as hydroxides have only a slight effect on the compressive strength. in contrast, cu and pb cause an increase in mechanical resistance by changing the c–s–h nanometric assembly and its density},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Grumiaux2010,

title = {Assessing the effects of FBC ash treatments of metal-contaminated soils using life history traits and metal bioaccumulation analysis of the earthworm Eisenia andrei},

author = {Fabien Grumiaux and Sylvain Demuynck and David Schikorski and Sébastien Lemière and Alain Leprêtre},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Chemosphere},

volume = {79},

pages = {156-161},

abstract = {Earthworms (eisenia andrei) were exposed, in controlled conditions, to metal-contaminated soils previously treated in situ with two types of fluidized bed combustion ashes. effects on this species were determined by life history traits analysis. metal immobilizing efficiency of ashes was indicated by metal bioaccumulation. ashes-treated soils reduced worm mortality compared to the untreated soil. however, these ashes reduced both cocoon hatching success and hatchlings numbers compared to the untreated soil. in addition, sulfo-calcical ashes reduced or delayed worm maturity and lowered cocoon production compared to silico-alumineous ones. metal immobilizing efficiency of ashes was demonstrated for zn, cu and to a lesser extent pb. only silico-alumineous ashes reduced cd bioaccumulation, although cd was still bioconcentrated. thus, although ash additions to metal-contaminated soils may help in immobilizing metals, their use might result, depending on the chemical nature of ashes, to severe detrimental effects on earthworm reproduction with possible long term consequences to populations.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@conference{Hedde2010,

title = {Recherche d’outils de surveillance, de caractérisation et d’évaluation des risques des sols},

author = {Mickaël Hedde and Antonio Bispo and Daniel Cluzeau and Jérôme Cortet and Francis Douay and Laurence Galsomies and Cécile Grand and Sabine Houot and Corinne Leyval and Benjamin Pauget and Nuria Ruiz-Camacho and Erwin Ulrich and Franck Vandenbulcke and Annette de-Vaufleury and Cécile Villenave and Guénola Pérès},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

booktitle = {Programme ADEME - Bioindicateur II : bio-indicateurs basés sur la faune du sol. Colloque de la Société Française d’Ecotoxicologie Fondamentale et Appliquée},

note = {ACTN},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@article{Homa2010,

title = {Metal-specific effects on metallothionein gene induction and riboflavin content in coelomocytes of Allolobophora chlorotica},

author = {Joanna Homa and Malgorzata Klimek and Jerzy Kruk and Claude Cocquerelle and Franck Vandenbulcke and Barbara Plytycz},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety},

volume = {73},

number = {8},

pages = {1937-1943},

abstract = {Metal pollution affects earthworm coelomocytes, including their differential counts, riboflavin content and metallothioneins (mt) involved in metal homoeostasis and detoxification. the present work shows effects of ni, cu, zn, cd, and pb at the same molarity (1 mm) on coelomocytes of allolobophora chlorotica after 2-day worm dermal exposure to metal chlorides. numbers of coelomocytes/eleocytes extruded by electric shock and amounts of riboflavin in coelomocyte lysates were significantly decreased in cu-exposed worms, less diminished in response to ni, zn, cd, and unaffected by pb. in sharp contrast, real-time pcr revealed a very strong (272 fold) mt-mrna induction in response to cd only. the induction was very low in response to zn, cu, pb, and ni ions (2.6, 2.1, 1.4, and 1.3-fold, respectively). in conclusion, decreased cell counts and riboflavin content are molecular biomarkers of cu exposure while induction of mt-mrna is a molecular biomarker of worm cd exposure},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@conference{Lemiere2010b,

title = {The GeDSeT project: (constitution of a decision support tool (DST) for the management and material recovery of waterways sediments in Belgium and Northern France)},

author = {Bruno Lemière and Pascale Michel and Jérôme Jacob and Laurence Haouche and Claire Alary and Agnès Laboudigue and Hervé Bréquel and B Hazebrouck},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

booktitle = {WASCON 2012 - towards effective, durable and sustainable production and use of alternative materials in construction, May 2012, Gothenburg (Suède)},

volume = {57},

pages = {9pp},

note = {ACTI},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@conference{Lemiere2010a,

title = {Indoor microcosm studies for ecotoxicological evaluation of metal contaminated soil remediation agents},

author = {Sébastien Lemière and Jean-Philippe Godet and Marion Tanguy and Fabien Grumiaux and Régine Leroux and Franck Vandenbulcke and Sylvain Demuynck and Céline Pernin and Christelle Pruvot and Patrick Delplace and Francis Douay and Alain Leprêtre},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

booktitle = {SETAC Europe 20th Annual Meeting. 23-27 May 2010, Seville (Espagne)},

note = {ACTI},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@conference{Peres2010,

title = {The use of earthworms as tool for soil monitoring, characterization and risk assessment. Example of a Bioindicator Programme developed at National scale (France)},

author = {Guénola Pérès and Franck Vandenbulcke and Muriel Guernion and Denis Piron and Laurence Rougé and Mickaël Hedde and Antonio Bispo and Laurence Galsomies and Cécile Grand and Daniel Cluzeau},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

booktitle = {International Symposium on Earthworm Ecology (ISEE). 5-10 September 2010, Xalapa, Veracruz (Mexico)},

note = {ACTI},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@article{Pohu-Lopareva2010,

title = {Asymétrie fluctuante des feuilles d’Alnus glutinosa: Indicateur de stress dans le cadre d’une phytostabilisation aidée sur des sols fortement pollués par des éléments traces métalliques},

author = {Alena Pohu-Lopareva and Hélène Roussel and Christophe Waterlot and Guillaume Garçon and Géraldine Bidar and Christelle Pruvot and Denis Baize and A Shirali and Francis Douay},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Bulletin Bodenkundliche Gesellschaft der Schweiz},

volume = {30},

pages = {51-56},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Roussel2010,

title = {Cd, Pb and Zn oral bioaccessibility of urban soils contaminated in the past by atmospheric emissions from two lead and zinc smelters},

author = {Hélène Roussel and Christophe Waterlot and Aurélie Pelfrêne and Christelle Pruvot and Muriel Mazzuca and Francis Douay},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology},

volume = {58},

number = {4},

pages = {945-954},

abstract = {Ingestion of dust or soil particles could pose a potential health risk due to long-term metal trace element (mte) exposure. twenty-seven urban topsoil samples (kitchen garden and lawn) were collected and analyzed for cd, pb and zn using the unified bioaccessibility research group of europe (barge) method (ubm) test to estimate the human bioaccessibility of these elements. the quantities of cd, pb and zn extracted from soils indicated, on average, 68, 62 and 47% bioaccessibility, respectively, in the gastric phase and 31, 32 and 23% bioaccessibility, respectively, in the gastro-intestinal phase. significant positive correlations were observed between concentrations extracted with ubm and total mte contents. stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that human bioaccessibility was also affected by some physico-chemical soil parameters (i.e. total nitrogen, carbonates, clay contents and ph). the unified test presents some valuable data for risk assessment. indeed, the incorporation of oral bioaccessible concentrations into risk estimations could give more realistic information for health risk assessment.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Seignez2010,

title = {Development of plant roots network in polluted soils: An X-ray computed microtomography investigation},

author = {Nicolas Seignez and Arnaud Gauthier and Florias Mees and Celia Brunel and Jean-Luc Potdevin},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Water Air and Soil Pollution},

volume = {209},

number = {1-4},

pages = {199-207},

abstract = {X-ray computed microtomography is a non-destructive technique which allows to study in 3d the texture of a solid material and of great interest for non-homogeneous ones. coupled with image analyses software, the soil properties visually determined can be easily supported by statistics. this work proposes to study the root development of arabidopsis halleri growing on different soils polluted with metallurgical slag and dredging sludge. the 3d images reveal that the wastes are not homogeneous and pollutants are concentrated in some small regions randomly spread. they often correspond to lead oxide phases in slags and to ore phases as blende in sludge. their descriptions have also been supported by statistics issued from the image analysis software, aphelion. additional result deals with the capacity of x-ray computed microtomography for primary and secondary rhizosphere in situ analysis which can be measured precisely},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Thevenot2010,

title = {Fate of lignins in soils: A review},

author = {Mathieu Thevenot and Marie-France Dignac and Cornelia Rumpel},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Soil Biology & Biochemistry},

volume = {42},

number = {8},

pages = {1200-1211},

abstract = {Lignins are amongst the most studied macromolecules in natural environments. during the last decades, lignins were considered as important components for the carbon cycle in soils, and particularly for the carbon storage. thus, they are an important variable in many soil plant models such as century and rothc, and appeared determinant for the estimation of the soil organic matter (som) pool-size and its stabilization. recent studies challenged this point of view. the aim of this paper was to synthesise the current knowledge and recent progress about quantity, composition and turnover of lignins in soils and to identify variables determining lignin residence time. in soils, lignins evolve under the influence of various variables and processes such as their degradation or mineralization, as well as their incorporation into som. lignin-derived products obtained after cuo oxidation can be used as environmental biomarkers, and also vary with the degree of degradation of the molecule. the lignin degradation is related to the nature of vegetation and land-use, but also to the climate and soil characteristics. lignin content of som decreases with decreasing size of the granulometric fractions, whereas its level of degradation increases concomitantly. many studies and our results suggest the accumulation and potential stabilization of a part of lignins in soils, by interaction with the clay minerals, although the mechanisms remain unclear. lignin turnover in soils could be faster than that of the total som. different kinetic pools of lignins were suggested, which sizes seem to be variable for different soil types. the mechanisms behind different degradation kinetics as well as their potential stabilization behaviour still need to be elucidated. (c) 2010 elsevier ltd. all rights reserved.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Waterlot2010,

title = {Reduction of dissolved oxygen in boiler water using new redox polymers},

author = {Christophe Waterlot and Daniel Couturier},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Applied Polymer Science},

volume = {118},

pages = {7-16},

abstract = {New polymers were used as catalysts for the removal of dissolved oxygen in boiler water. these polymers, based upon hydroquinone-quinone redox system, were prepared by polymerization of methyl 4-(2,5- dimethoxybenzyl)cinnamate and copolymerization of this monomer with 4-(40-vinylphenethyl)-1,10-phenanthroline. the resulting product was used to synthesize polymers containing transition metal ions. nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy, and elemental analysis were achieved to characterize monomers and/or electron- transfer polymers. these polymers were used for the removal of oxygen from water. it was shown that the oxygen content was reduced to less than 0.1 mg l in 70 s. based on the obtained results, the redox capacity of two polymers were determined. it was established that the poly-4-(2,5-dihydroxybenzyl)cinnamic acid reached a redox capacity of 69.7 mg of o2 per gram of polymer.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Waterlot2010a,

title = {Evaluation des effets d’une lampe à cathode creuse pulsée à courant variable sur les interférences spectrales de l’arsenic dans le dosage du cadmium par spectrophotométrie d’absorption atomique},

author = {Christophe Waterlot and Francis Douay},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Revue Canadienne de Génie Civil},

volume = {37},

pages = {346-353},

abstract = {Les teneurs en cadmium de solutions aqueuses contaminees a des teneurs croissantes en arsenic ont ete mesurees a l’aide d’un spectrophotome`tre d’absorption atomique equipe d’une flamme et d’un four electrothermique. pour chacune des techniques d’atomisation, a ete evaluee une me´thode de correction du bruit de fond base´e sur le renversement de spectre et connue sous le nom de « high-speed self-reversal method », au regard d’une autre methode plus couramment utilisee ne ne´cessitant qu’une lampe au deute´rium et une lampe au cadmium. en comparaison avec cette me´thode, les re- sultats ont montre que le mode de correction base´ sur le renversement spectral via l’utilisation d’une lampe au cadmium a` cathode creuse pulse´e a` courant variable etait une methode plus approprie´e pour corriger les phe´nome`nes d’interfe´rences causes par l’arsenic (as) lors du dosage du cadmium (cd). il a ete etabli que cette methode permettait de s’affranchir des interferences de l’arsenic pour des ratios [as]/[cd] infe´rieurs a` 50 000.},

note = {ACLN},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Zu2010,

title = {Soil affects on the cadmium and zinc contents of Chinese cabbage in Yunnan Province, China},

author = {Yan-Qun Zu and Yuan Li and Laurent Bock and Christian Schvartz and Gilles Colinet},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science},

volume = {56},

number = {1},

pages = {107-117},

abstract = {Chinese cabbage and surface soil samples (0–20 cm) from a periurban market garden in yunnan province (p.r. china) were collected to determine variations of cadmium (cd) and zinc (zn) contents in chinese cabbage and the influence of soil factors. mean cd content was 0.49 mg kg1 dry materials (dm) in chinese cabbage, ranging between 0.23 and 1.34 mg kg1 dm (n ¼ 21 samples). mean zn content was 51.2 mg kg1 dm, ranging from 34.9 to 157.5 mg kg1 dm (n ¼ 21 samples). the soil factors best predicting chinese cabbage cd and zn contents were total and available cd and zn contents and cation exchange capacity (cec). soil samples and corresponding chinese cabbage samples were divided into two groups: soils with low ph (56.5, n ¼ 10) and soils with high ph (46.5, n ¼ 11). positive correlation between cec with ph 4 6.5 and cd and zn contents in chinese cabbage were observed. available trace element contents and cec explained 77% and 69% of variation of cd and zn contents in chinese cabbage, respectively. aec (enrichment coefficient related to trace element availability) and bcf (bioaccumulation factors) could be used to understand cd and zn accumulation in chinese cabbage.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@conference{Bernard2009,

title = {Metallic Trace Elements body burden and gene expression analysis of biomarker candidates in Eisenia fetida, during an “intox-detox” protocol performed with field soils},

author = {Fabien Bernard and Franck Brulle and Francis Douay and Sébastien Lemière and Sylvain Demuynck and Alain Leprêtre and Franck Vandenbulcke},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

booktitle = {SETAC Europe 19th Annual Meeting, 31 May-4 June 2009, Göteborg (Suède)},

note = {ACTI},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@article{Bidar2009,

title = {Seasonal and annual variations of the metal uptake and toxicity in Trifolium repens and Lolium perenne growing in a heavy metal contaminated field},

author = {Géraldine Bidar and Guillaume Garçon and Christelle Pruvot and Anthony Verdin and Pirouz Shirali and Francis Douay},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Science and Pollution Research},

volume = {16},

number = {1},

pages = {42-53},

abstract = {Background, aim, and scope the reclamation of nonferrous metal-polluted soil by phytoremediation requires an overall and permanent plant cover. to select the most suitable plant species, it is necessary to study metal effects on plants over the time, thereby checking that metals remain stored in root systems and not transferred to aerial parts. in this purpose, the seasonal and annual variations of metal bioaccumulation, transfer, and phytotoxicity in trifolium repens and lolium perenne grown in a cd-, pb-, and zn-contaminated soil were also studied. materials and methods the experimental site was located near a closed smelter. in spring 2004, two areas were sown with t. repens and l. perenne, respectively. thereafter, the samplings of plant roots and shoots and surrounding soils were realized in autumn 2004 and spring and autumn 2005. the soil agronomic characteristics, the cd, pb, and zn concentrations in the surrounded soils and plant organs, as well as the oxidative alterations (superoxide dismutase [sod], malondialdehyde [mda], and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine [8-ohdg]) in plant organs were carried out. results whatever the sampling period, metal concentrations in soils and plants were higher than background values. contrary to the soils, the fluctuations of metal concentrations were observed in plant organs over the time. bioaccumulation and transfer factors confirmed that metals were preferentially accumulated in the roots as follows: cd>zn>pb, and their transfer to shoots was limited. foliar metal deposition was also observed. the results showed that there were seasonal and annual variations of metal accumulation in the two studied plant species. these variations differed according to the organs and followed nearly the same pattern for the two species. oxidative alterations were observed in plant organs with regard to sod antioxidant activities, mda, and 8-ohdg concentrations. these alterations vary according to the temporal variations of metal concentrations. discussion metal concentrations in surrounded soils and plant organs showed the effective contamination by industrial dust emissions. metals absorbed by plants were mainly stored in the roots. with regard to this storage, the plants seemed to limit the metal transfer to their aerial parts over the time, thereby indicating their availability for metal phytostabilization. aerial deposition was another source of plant exposure to nonferrous metals. despite the occurrence ofmetal-induced oxidative alterations in plant organs, both plant species seemed to tolerate a high metal concentration in soils. conclusions taken together, these results indicated that t. repens and l. perenne were able to form a plant cover on highly cd-, pb-, and zn-polluted soils, to limit the metal transfer to their aerial parts and were relatively metal-tolerant. all these characteristics made them suitable for phytostabilization on metal-contaminated soils. these findings also highlighted the necessity to take into account seasonal and annual variations for a future phytomanagement. recommendations and perspectives in this work, the behavior of plant species grown in metal-polluted soil has been studied during 2 years. obviously, this time is too short to ensure that metals remain accumulated in the root system and few are transferred in aerial parts over the time. it is why regular monitoring should be achieved during more than a decade after the settlement of the plant cover. this work will be completed by the study of the t. repens and l. perenne effects on mobility of metals in order to evaluate the quantities of pollutants which could be absorbed by the biota and transferred to groundwater. bioaccessibility tests could be also realized on polluted soils in order to evaluate the phytostabilization impacts on the exposition risks for humans. keywords bioaccumulation factors . l. perenne . nonferrous metal-contaminated soil . oxidative stress . phytostabilization . seasonal and annual variations . t. repens . transfer factors},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@conference{Brulle2009a,

title = {Développement de biomarqueurs d’exposition aux métaux chez un organisme test: l’Annélide Oligochète Eisenia fetida},

author = {Franck Brulle and Claude Cocquerelle and Francis Douay and Sébastien Lemière and Alain Leprêtre and Franck Vandenbulcke},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

booktitle = {2ème Rencontres Nationales de la Recherche sur les Sites & Sols Pollués, ADEME. 20-21 octobre 2009, Paris},

abstract = {Couches supérieures des sols, où les concentrations peuvent être largement supérieures aux teneurs habituelles régionales. les annélides oligochètes sont présents dans ces sols pollués bien qu’ils présentent une sensibilité exacerbée aux métaux. très peu de choses étant connues quant à l’identification et la mise en place des mécanismes de réponse à ces métaux au niveau moléculaire, le travail de caractérisation des candidats biomarqueurs de pollution a été réalisé à partir des cellules immunitaires du ver eisenia fetida, une espèce modèle recommandée en écotoxicologie. deux approches ont été mises en place. une première approche, qualifiée de ciblée et basée sur la conservation phylogénique observée entre espèces, a permis l’identification de plusieurs candidats. une deuxième approche, dite globale et consistant en la construction de banques soustractives a permis d’identifier des gènes dont l’expression est affectée lors d’une exposition à un mélange complexe de métaux. enfin, les candidats biomarqueurs de pollution métallique mis en lumière par les deux approches ont été mesurés sur des animaux exposés à des sols pollués de longue date par des activités métallurgiques. ce travail a été réalisé dans le cadre d’une thèse de doctorat (f. brulle) financée par l’ademe et la région nord-pas-de-calais. 1- premièrement, nous avons cloné et analysé le niveau d’expression de 14 candidats biomarqueurs chez le modèle de laboratoire eisenia fetida exposé in vivo à des sols standards contaminés par le cadmium. les 14 candidats ont été choisis parmi des gènes codant des protéines fortement conservées pour lesquelles des variations d’expression génique ont été rapportées dans la littérature, lors d’exposition de macroinvertébrés à des etms. le niveau d’expression des gènes a été mesuré dans les coelomocytes (cellules immunitaires) puisque la majorité des effecteurs sélectionnés sont connus pour leur implication dans des mécanismes de défense [1].},

note = {ACTN},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@conference{Brulle2009b,

title = {Développement de biomarqueurs d'exposition aux métaux chez un organisme test: l'Annélide Oligochète Eisenia fetida},

author = {Franck Brulle and Claude Cocquerelle and Francis Douay and Sébastien Lemière and Alain Leprêtre and Franck Vandenbulcke},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

booktitle = {15ème Colloque National de la Recherche en IUT, CNRIUT 2009. 8-10 juin 2009, Villeneuve d’Ascq},

note = {ACTN},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@conference{Brulle2009c,

title = {Gene expression analysis of 4 biomarker candidates in Eisenia fetida exposed to an environmental cadmium gradient: a microcosm study},

author = {Franck Brulle and Francis Douay and Alain Leprêtre and Franck Vandenbulcke},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

booktitle = {SETAC Europe 19th Annual Meeting, 31 May-4 June 2009, Göteborg (Suède)},

note = {ACTI},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@article{Brulle2009d,

title = {Développement de biomarqueurs d'exposition aux métaux basés sur les fonctions physiologiques de l'annélide oligochète Eisenia fetida},

author = {Franck Brulle and Franck Vandenbulcke},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Etude et Gestion des Sols},

volume = {16},

number = {3/4},

pages = {159-174},

abstract = {Les activités métallurgiques entraînent i'accumulation d'éléments traces métalliques dans les couches superficielles des sols, où l'on peut observer des concentrations largement supérieures au fond pédogéochimique et aux normes en vigueur. la contamination des sols est une menace pour la santé publique et la présence de grandes quantités d'éléments traces métalliques peut générer un stress susceptible d'affecter les organismes exposés à des sols pollués. les annélides oligochètes vivent en contact étroit avec ces sols pollués et sont parmi les organismes vivants présentant une sensibilité exacerbée aux métaux. très peu de choses sont connues quant à i'identification et la mise en place des mécanismes de réponse à ces métaux au niveau moléculaire. en exploitant la conservation phylogénique observée entre espèces, nous avons été capables de cloner et de caractériser un ensemble de biomarqueurs potentiels à partir des coelomocytes de i'annélide oligochète eisenia fetida, une espèce modèle recommandée en écotoxicologie. deux approches ont été mises en place. premièrement, une approche qualifiée de ciblée, consistant à identifier tous les effecteurs parmi des protéines fortement conservées pour lesquels une variation lors d'une exposition métallique était reportée dans la littérature. deuxièmement, nous avons entrepris une approche, qualifiée de globale, consistant en la construction de banques soustractives pour identifier chez eisenia fetida les gènes dont l'expression est affectée lors d'une exposition à un mélange complexe de métaux, représentatif d'un site naturel fortement contaminé. ces deux approches ont permis i'identification de 4 candidats biomarqueurs de pollution métallique.},

note = {ACLN},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Detriche2009b,

title = {Late Holocene water level fluctuations of Lake Afourgagh (Middle-Atlas Mountains, Morocco) inferred from charophyte remains},

author = {Sébastien Détriché and Jean-Gabriel Bréhéret and I Soulié-Märsche and L’houcine Karrat and Jean-Jacques Macaire},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},

volume = {283},

number = {3-4},

pages = {134-147},

abstract = {Water level fluctuations of lake afourgagh (middle-atlas mountains, morocco) over the last 2500 years (late holocene) have been reconstructed using charophyte remains in the lake sediment archives. the study involved 22 pits (1–3 m deep) dug along a transect across the lake shore terrace. biogenic activity appears to be a dominant contributor to the accumulation of the lake sediments, as the thickest deposits are tufas composed of charophyte-encrusted stems with numerous gyrogonites (termed “charophyte tufas”). the gyrogonites were identified as chara aspera and chara hispida remains. the spatial distribution of these two species, measured vertically within a single core and horizontally along the shore terrace, varies according to bathymetry. shallow proximal environments are characterized by the development of c. aspera, whereas c. hispida remains are mostly observed in distal sediments. moreover, according to their ecological characteristics, the c. hispida belt migrated proximally when the water level rose, whereas the c. aspera belt migrated distally when the water level fell. these trends were observed successively in a single charophyte tufa layer which records the rise, highstand, and fall of lake level in a single depositional sequence. the late holocene palaeobathymetry of lake afourgagh was inferred by comparing data on charophyte remains and deposit geometry. data provide evidence for four major low lake level phases (estimated in terms of amplitude) which induced the development of palaeosols in proximal settings at 2191 cal. bp, 1769 bp, 1515 cal. bp and 1062 cal. bp. these results confirm the accuracy of charophyte-based palaeobathymetry studies},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Douay2009,

title = {Contamination of woody habitat soils around a former lead smelter in the North of France},

author = {Francis Douay and Christelle Pruvot and Christophe Waterlot and Clémentine Fritsch and Hervé Fourrier and Alexandre Loriette and Géraldine Bidar and Cécile Grand and Annette De-Vaufleury and Renaud Scheifler},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Science of the Total Environment},

volume = {407},

number = {21},

pages = {5564-5577},

abstract = {The Contamination of the Topsoil of 262 Woody Habitats around a Former Lead Smelter in the North of France Was Assessed. in This Urbanized and Industrialized Area, These Kinds of Habitats Comprise of Hedges, Groves, Small Woods, Anthropogenic Creations and One Large Forest. except for the Latter, Which Is 3 Km Away, These Woody Habitat Soils Often Present a High Anthropization Degree (a Significant Amount of Pebbles and Stones Related to Human Activities) with a High Metal Contamination. in the Studied Woody Habitat Topsoils, Cd, Pb and Zn Concentrations Largely Exceeded Those of Agricultural Topsoils Located in the Same Environmental Context. Therefore, Atmospheric Emissions from the Smelter Are Not the Only Cause of the High Contamination of the Woody Habitat Soils. This Last One Is Related to the Nature and the Contamination Level of Deposit in Relation with Human Activities (rubbles, Slag, Soils, Etc). with Regard to the Results Obtained with Chemical Extractions, the Mobility of Cd, Pb and Zn in These Soils Is Also Greater Than in Agricultural Soils. in the Forest, Pollutant Solubility Is Increased by Soil Acidic Ph. the Variability of the Physico-chemical Parameters and the High Metal Contamination of the Topsoils Are the Main Characteristics of the Woody Habitats Located around the Former Smelter. Although Never Taken into Account during Risk Assessment, the Disturbance of These Environmental Components Could Have Important Biogeochemical Impacts (nutrients and Metal Cycles). Moreover, Any Modification of the Soils' Use Could Potentially Cause Mobilization and Transfer of the Pollutants to the Biosphere. Six Years After the Closure of the Smelter, and As Social and Economic Pressures Considerably Increase in This Area, the Study of These Peculiar Ecosystems Is Necessary to Understand and Predict the Bioavailability, Transfer, Bioaccumulation and Effects of Pollutants in Food Chains.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Follain2009,

title = {A method for assessing available phosphorus content in arable topsoils over large spatial scales},

author = {Stéphane Follain and Christian Schvartz and Pascal Denoroy and Christine Villette and Nicolas-P-A Saby and Dominique Arrouays and Blandine Lemercier and Christian Walter},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Agronomy for Sustainable Development},

volume = {29},

number = {2},

pages = {371-379},

abstract = {Human activities, and more specifically agricultural activities, have modified the way the ecosystem functions through the use of fertilizers. when these inputs are not being utilized reasonably, they can lead to a degradation in both soil and water quality. as a result of the subsequent environmental problems and socio-economic constraints, the concept of sustainable fertilization was born. the main goal behind sustainable fertilization is to reduce the amount of fertilizers used while maintaining soil fertility and farmer revenues. we have designed herein a methodology for assessing the phosphorus bioavailability in arable topsoils on france's national scale, on the basis of this sustainable fertilization concept. we will consider the sustainability of a cropping system that requires balancing nutrient removal from the soil by fertilization, in order to avoid environmental risks. the originality of this method lies in quantitative results stemming from the french soil test database (bdat) and their evaluation using the regifert software, which incorporates soil characteristics and crop sensitivity to nutrient availability. according to the proposed procedure, we determined the phosphorus bioavailability class of french arable soils at the cantonal scale. cantons are areas of average surface of 140 km2. this methodology constitutes an attempt to gather all analytical results into a common diagnostic framework on the national scale (for france), while taking into account the local pedological context and crop production requirements. with this procedure, we are able to conclude that 77% of cantons are situated below the critical level regarding crop needs. furthermore, this diagnosis suggests that the available phosphorus content in soils is considered insufficient with respect to any crop potential requirement. from an environmental standpoint, however, this situation could be considered as generating the lowest pollution risk. nevertheless, 23% of the cantons exhibit a soil phosphorus accumulation that is not necessary with regard to agricultural uses. in this case, no fertilization is required and the pollution risk is increased. on the national scale, bioavailability class frequencies are structured spatially, with gradients correlated to soil parameter spatial distribution, and tend to reflect land use patterns},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gueguen2009,

title = {Oyster hemocytes express a proline-rich peptide displaying synergistic antimicrobial activity with a defensin},

author = {Yannick Gueguen and Bernard Romestand and Julie Fievet and Paulina Schmitt and Delphine Destoumieux-Garzón and Franck Vandenbulcke and Philippe Bulet and Evelyne Bachère},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Molecular Immunology},

volume = {46},

number = {4},

pages = {516-522},

abstract = {A cdna sequence that encodes a 61-amino acid polypeptide precursor with homologies to proline-rich antimicrobial peptides (amps) was identified in the oyster crassostrea gigas. after release of a hydrophobic signal peptide, the resulting 37-amino acid peptide, cg-prp, is composed of an acidic region and a cationic proline-rich region. to evaluate the biological properties of cg-prp, multiple proline-rich peptides corresponding to putative processing of the full-length cg-prp were synthesized. a limited antimicrobial activity was observed for two of them, which also showed strong synergistic antimicrobial activity with cg-def, a defensin from c. gigas. to our knowledge, this is the first evidence of synergy between a defensin and another amp in an invertebrate. by in situ hybridization, the expression of cg-prp was found to be restricted to hemocytes and induced following bacterial challenge. cg-prp transcripts were also detected in hemocytes infiltrating mantle, where cg-def is expressed. additionally, by immunocytochemistry, we showed that cg-prp or one of its variants is present in some hemocytes together with defensins. in conclusion, we described here the first proline-rich amp from mollusk. from our study, it is likely to provide a first line of defense against bacterial invasion by acting through synergy with defensins.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@conference{Lemiere2009,

title = {Utilisation de lombricides exposés en microcosms pour évaluer l’intérêt d’agents immobilisants pour la remediation de sols urbains contaminés par les métaux},

author = {Sébastien Lemière and Fabien Grumiaux and Jean-Philippe Godet and Marion Tanguy and Patrick Delplace and Sylvain Demuynck and Franck Brulle and Christelle Pruvot and Franck Vandenbulcke and Francis Douay and Alain Leprêtre},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

booktitle = {2ème Rencontres Nationales de la Recherche sur les Sites & Sols Pollués, ADEME. 20-21 octobre 2009, Paris},

note = {ACTN},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@article{Masalehdani2009,

title = {Condensate minerals from a burning coal-waste heap in Avion, northern France},

author = {M.-Naze-Nancy Masalehdani and Florias Mees and Yvan Coquinot and Jean-Luc Potdevin and Michel Dubois and Michel Fialin and Marie-Madeleine Blanc-Valleron},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {The Canadian Mineralogist},

volume = {47},

number = {3},

pages = {573-591},

abstract = {Un terril de charbon de la ville d’avion, dans le nord de la france, présente des dépôts minéralisés à la sortie des fissures de surface d’où se sont échappés les gaz et la vapeur d’eau produits par une combustion interne depuis plusieurs décennies. l’analyse des dépôts a permis d’identifier vingt espèces minérales différentes: des sulfates, des halogènes et du soufre natif. les éléments chimiques constitutifs des dépôts proviennent des schistes pyritifères et de la houille qui constituent le terril. ils peuvent être libérés lors de l’altération des matériaux du terril par des fluides acides avant la combustion mais, plus largement, ils doivent provenir de la décomposition thermique et de l’oxydation de ces matériaux pendant le processus lié à la combustion. la formation des efflorescences près des zones de décharge de gaz implique un transfert de certains éléments sous forme gazeuse depuis l’intérieur du terril (s, n, h et cl), mais également en solution dans des gouttelettes de vapeur d’eau entraînées par les gaz pour la plupart des autres cations. l’interaction entre les solutions condensées et les débris de roche à la surface du terril peut également contribuer à apporter des cations avant la formation des minéraux secondaires. la plupart de ceux-ci se sont formés à partir d’une phase liquide à la surface des débris et à des températures basses (t ≤ 100°c), comme le confirme la présence d’inclusions fluides. seuls le salammoniac, le soufre natif et la mascagnite (en monocristaux) ont été formés directement à partir d’une phase gazeuse. le terril montre de grandes variations dans les assemblages minéraux parmi les différents sites d’échantillonnage; ces variations peuvent être liées aux différences de composition du terril, aux conditions régnant aux niveaux où les éléments sont libérés ou aux changements de conditions là où se produit la cristallisation des assemblages.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Piou2009,

title = {Changes in the geochemistry and ecotoxicity of a Zn and Cd contaminated dredged sediment over time after land disposal},

author = {Stéphanie Piou and Philippe Bataillard and Agnès Laboudigue and Jean-François Férard and Jean-François Masfaraud},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Research},

volume = {106},

number = {9},

pages = {712-720},

abstract = {The management of dredged sediments is of environmental concern worldwide since they may be overloaded with myriads of pollutants. for inland waters’ sediments, disposal on land is a common practice. for the long-term risks assessment of such a management, a better understanding of the fate of pollutants over time and an assessment of possible associated biological consequences are needed. here, we studied the geochemical distribution of fe, mn, zn and cd in sediment dredged from the scarpe canal (nord-pas-de-calais region, france). analyses were carried out immediately after dredging and 12, 18 and 24 months after disposal in field conditions. in parallel, ecotoxicity of sediment leachates was assessed using standardized bioassays. the results reflected an initial oxidation of sulphides (first year) followed by changes explained by a reversible binding of metals to organic matter in winter and to fe oxihydroxides in summer. the water-leachable fraction represented less than 2% of the total metal and its ecotoxicity was higher for deposited sediments than for the fresh one. after first year of disposal, sediment ecotoxicity remained stable. a long-term natural attenuation of metals within disposed sediment seemed unlikely since their speciation seemed to fluctuate seasonally without any time trend over years.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@conference{Vandenbulcke2009,

title = {Identification and analysis of the expression profiles of new biomarker candidates in Eisenia fetida: a transcriptomic approach},

author = {Franck Vandenbulcke},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

booktitle = {International Symposium of Risk Assessment (ISTA). 30 août-3 septembre 2009, Metz},

note = {COM},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}

@article{Waterlot2009,

title = {The problem of arsenic interference in the analysis of Cd to evaluate its extractability in soils contaminated by arsenic},

author = {Christophe Waterlot and Francis Douay},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Talanta},

volume = {80},

pages = {716-722},

abstract = {The arsenic (as) spectral interference observed in the determination of cadmium (cd) by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (icp-aes) was studied in atomic absorption spectrometry (aas) using flame (faas) and graphite furnace (gfaas) as atomizers. the soils of 15 kitchen gardens located near two smelters in the north of france were selected according the ratio as/cd. four different extracting solutions usually used to evaluate the mobility of cd were chosen to extract cd from these soil samples: citric acid 0.11 m, acetic acid 0.11 m, calcium chloride 0.01m and water. the quantitative determinations of cd in the 15 soils for each solvent were investigated by icp-aes at two lines (228.802 and 214.438 nm) and by faas or gfaas with two-way background compensation. compared to the cd concentrations measured in the acid solutions and in the cacl2 solution after the addition of a chemical modifier, it was clearly demonstrated that the high-speed self-reversal background compensation (hssr-method) was the method of choice to eliminate the spectral interference of as during cd determination by faas and by gfaas. in water, it was shown that the deuterium lamp used for the background compensation (d2-method) was able to eliminate the most of the as interference. in comparison with cd concentrations in water after adding a chemical modifier, those obtained with the hssr-method were similar and a very good correlation was obtained between these two methods (r2 = 0.995). it was therefore established that the hssr-method would be able to replace the chemical modifiers to eliminate as interference in the determination of cd-extractable from as contaminated soils.},

note = {ACL},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@conference{Waterlot2009a,

title = {Évaluation d'une méthode de dosage du cadmium dans les solutions d’extraction de sols de potagers localisés aux alentours d’une ancienne fonderie de plomb},

author = {Christophe Waterlot and Christelle Pruvot and Francis Douay},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

booktitle = {2ème Rencontres Nationales de la Recherche sur les Sites & Sols Pollués, ADEME. 20-21 octobre 2009, Paris},

abstract = {Les activités passées de la fonderie de plomb metaleurop nord (1873 – 2003) située à noyelles- godault ont entraîné des rejets dans l’atmosphère de quantités importantes de poussières. ceux-ci ont engendré une forte contamination des sols aux alentours. des travaux antérieurs ont ainsi montré que les concentrations totales en cd, pb et zn dans les horizons labourés des sols agricoles du secteur excédaient fortement les teneurs agricoles habituelles régionales (sterckeman et al. 2000). dans une moindre mesure, il a aussi été constaté une contamination en ag, as, bi, cu, hg, in, ni, sb, se, sn et tl (sterckeman et al. 2002). plus récemment, douay et al. (2008) ont mis en évidence un degré de contamination en cd, pb et zn, mais aussi en bi, in, sb et as des sols urbains du secteur, supérieur à celui des sols agricoles situés dans le même contexte environnemental. ceci pourrait être expliqué par des remaniements et les pratiques des jardiniers, mais aussi par des apports en liaison avec l’utilisation du charbon pour les besoins domestiques. quels que soient leurs usages, les sols aux alentours de metaleurop nord présentent une contamination multi métallique pouvant engendrer des interférences lors du dosage de certains éléments. ainsi, les teneurs en cd mesurées peuvent différer selon les techniques analytiques utilisées. la détermination des teneurs en cd dans les solutions d’extraction en utilisant la spectrométrie d’émission atomique couplée à une torche à plasma (icp-aes : inductively coupled plasma – atomic emission spectrometry) peut présenter des inconvénients. ceux-ci sont particulièrement rencontrés lorsque les matrices digérées présentent des teneurs élevées en fe, en al, mais aussi en as, en comparaison avec celles en cd (lambkin and alloway 2000). c’est notamment le cas des sols aux alentours de metaleurop nord. par ailleurs, les longueurs d’onde 228,802 nm, 214,438 nm et 226,502 nm caractéristiques des raies d’émission de cd définissent celles relatives aux émissions secondaires respectivement de as, al et fe. des interférences spectrales causées par ces éléments au cours du dosage de cd peuvent donc engendrer une surévaluation ou une sous-évaluation des teneurs en cd mesurées (lambkin and alloway 2000). le dosage de cd par spectrométrie d’absorption atomique à la longueur d’onde caractéristique de la raie principale d’absorption de cet élément permet de s’affranchir des interférences spectrales causées par fe et al. cette technique de dosage élimine partiellement les interférences spectrales entre as et cd (lambkin and alloway 2000). en revanche, les caractéristiques des spectromètres d’absorption atomique (saa) ne permettent pas à ce jour de s’affranchir totalement des interférences spectrales entre ces deux éléments, et ceci en raison des longueurs d’onde d’absorption très proches qui les caractérisent (ıcd = 228,802 nm et ıas = 228,812 nm). la présentation porte sur l’évaluation d’une méthode de correction du bruit de fond généré par as au cours du dosage de cd dans les solutions d’extraction de sols urbains présentant des teneurs en as parfois supérieures à celles en cd. localisés à moins de 2 km de l’ancien site métallurgique metaleurop nord, les horizons labourés de 10 sols de potagers ont été échantillonnés. après séchage à une température inférieures à à 40°c, les terres ont été homogénéisées, puis broyées pour passer au travers d’un tamis de 315 μm. des extractions à l’eau ultra pure, au chlorure de calcium 0,01 m et à l’acide citrique 0,11 m ont été réalisées en triplicat sur chacun des échantillons composites. les teneurs en cd et en as des solutions obtenues ont été déterminées par icp-aes aux longueurs d’onde ıcd = 228,802 nm, ııcd = 214,438 nm et ıas = 193,696 nm. la démarche a été complétée par la détermination en saa de leurs teneurs en cd en utilisant deux modes de correction du bruit causée par l’espèce concomitante, as. le premier, appelé bgc-d2 (deuterium background correction) nécessite l’utilisation d’une lampe au deutérium. le second mode, dénommé bgc-sr (self reversal background correction), est basé sur l’utilisation d’une lampe cd à cathode creuse pulsée avec un courant dont l’intensité varie au cours du temps.},

note = {ACTN},

keywords = {ER4},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {conference}

}